延迟焦化装置低负荷生产措施与优化  

Production Measures and Optimization of Delayed Coking Unit under Low Load

作　　者：侯继承[1] 王乐毅[1] 奕龙 Hou Jicheng;Wang Leyi;Yi Long(SINOPEC Luoyang Company,Luoyang Henan 471012)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司洛阳分公司,河南洛阳471012

出　　处：《中外能源》2020年第7期64-68,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：为保持重油平衡,洛阳石化延迟焦化装置采用单炉室的低负荷生产方案。根据装置的设计参数,经过计算,确定了加热炉分支的最小进料量为39t/h,同时对低负荷生产条件下加热炉能耗高、加热炉备用炉室出口处易结焦、分馏塔易干板、气压机入口的富气量不够、机泵入口流量不能满足机泵的最小设计流量等可能出现的问题进行了详细的分析。针对焦化装置低负荷生产条件下可能出现的问题,采取备用炉室保护气用干气替代蒸汽的措施来解决备用炉室出口易结焦和能耗高的问题,采取闷炉操作的措施持续降低焦化装置的能耗,采取回炼富余轻烃的措施来满足气压机的最小工况,采取停用消泡剂的措施来增加装置的经济效益,通过严格控制急冷油的质量避免焦炭塔的大油气线结焦。同时还对焦化装置低负荷生产条件下其他可能出现的问题、应对措施,及运行过程中的优化措施进行了详细的说明,为同类装置灵活调整加工负荷提供了参考依据。In order to maintain the heavy oil balance,single furnace chamber low load production scheme is adopted for the delayed coking unit at SINOPEC Luoyang Company.Based on the design parameters of the unit,it is determined by calculation that the minimum feed rate for the branches of heating furnace is 39 t/h.The possible problems under low load production conditions such as the high energy consumption of furnace,the coke formation at the exit of standby furnace chamber,the dry plate in fractionation tower,the insufficient rich gas at the inlet of air compressor and the failure to meet the minimum design flow rate of pump are analyzed in detail.To solve these problems,the steam in standby furnace chamber is replaced with dry gas to reduce the coke formation at the outlet of standby furnace chamber and the high energy consumption,banking is adopted to continuously reduce the energy consumption of delayed coking unit,refinery light hydrocarbon is recovered to meet the minimum operating conditions of air compressor,the use of defoamer is stopped to increase the economic benefit of the unit,and the quality of quench oil is strictly controlled to avoid the coking of the oil and gas pipeline of coke drum.Other possible problems,countermeasures and optimization measures during the low load production of delayed coking unit are also introduced in detail,providing reference for similar units to flexibly adjust the processing load.

关 键 词：低负荷 单炉室生产 优化 

分 类 号：TE624.32[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]