纵横刀组协同式马铃薯种薯切块装置设计与试验  

Design and Test of Seed Potato Cutting Device with Vertical and Horizontal Knife Group

作　　者：吕金庆[1] 杨晓涵 李紫辉[1] 李季成[1] 刘中原[1] LV Jinqing;YANG Xiaohan;LI Zihui;LI Jicheng;LIU Zhongyuan(College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第8期89-97,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700705,2016YFD0701600);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09-P23);黑龙江省马铃薯产业技术协同创新推广体系项目。

摘　　要：针对马铃薯种薯切块机械化程度低的问题,设计了一种纵横刀组协同式马铃薯种薯切块装置,对其关键部件进行设计,通过对马铃薯种薯切割过程的力学分析、运动学分析和能量学分析,建立了切种能量的数学模型,确定了影响马铃薯切种效果的主要因素。以切种效率、切种合格率为评价指标,以圆盘刀半径、输送辊与圆盘刀垂直中心距、圆盘刀轴转速和夹持辊轴转速为试验因素,进行了四因素四水平正交试验。对正交试验结果进行方差和极差分析,结果表明:当圆盘刀半径为180 mm、输送辊与圆盘刀垂直中心距为190 mm、圆盘刀轴转速为115 r/min、夹持辊轴转速为56 r/min时,切种效率为74.5 kg/min,切种合格率为98.8%,满足马铃薯切种作业要求。Aiming at the low degree of mechanization of seed potato cutting,and the existing potato cutting machines have problems such as poor seed cutting uniformity,low seed cutting efficiency and low integration of machinery,a seed potato cutting device was designed,and its key components were analyzed and designed.Through the mechanical analysis,kinematic analysis and energy analysis methods of seed potato cutting process,a mathematical model of seed energy was established,and the impact was determined.The main factors of potato cutting effect were the radius of disc knife,vertical center distance between conveying roller and disc knife,rotation speed of disc knife and rotation speed of clamping roller.Using the cutting efficiency as the evaluation index,the four-factor four-horizontal orthogonal test was carried out with the radius of disc knife,vertical center distance between conveying roller and disc knife,rotating speed of disc cutter shaft,and rotating speed of clamping roller shaft as test factors.Analysis of variance and range difference showed that when the radius of the disc knife was 180 mm,the vertical center distance between conveying roller and disc knife was 190 mm,the rotating speed of disc cutter shaft was 115 r/min,and the rotating speed of clamping roller shaft was 56 r/min,the seed was cut.The efficiency was 74.5 kg/min,the qualified rate of seed cutting was 98.8%,and the results of comparison verification test and optimization test were basically the same,which met the seed potato cutting operation requirements.

关 键 词：马铃薯切种机 切块装置 纵横刀组协同式 

分 类 号：S223.19[农业科学—农业机械化工程]