4引物分子标记鉴定水稻高光效基因型hd3aKasa  

Identification of the Genotype of hd3a with a High Photosynthetic Efficiency in Rice by a Tetra-primer Molecular Marker

作　　者：常远 吴苏亭 杨毅荣 张禹函 秦冠男 CHANG Yuan;WU Su-ting;YANG Yi-rong;ZHANG Yu-han;QIN Guan-nan(Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所/亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2020年第4期75-80,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-XTCX2016002)。

摘　　要：水稻的抽穗期关乎水稻的光合效率、适应季节和种植范围,其表现直接决定了水稻能否高产稳产。Hd3a编码的成花素是水稻抽穗调控通路中的关键因子,在短日照下促进抽穗,长日照下推迟抽穗。Hd3a包含多个等位基因,其中来自aus稻品种Kasalath的hd3aKasa相比来自温带粳稻品种日本晴(Nipponbare)的Hd3aNip,在第4个外显子处有2个连续的碱基突变(CC→AA),使得hd3aKasa的功能强于Hd3aNip。hd3aKasa是高光效基因型,一般携带hd3aKasa的水稻品种产量更高,但会导致水稻开花推迟,可能影响其正常生产;而杂合态的Hd3aNip/hd3aKasa则表现出产量高和抽穗延迟适中,相比2种纯合基因型更加有利。由于Hd3a的不同等位基因各具优势,处于杂合状态下还可互补,因此建立可精确选择Hd3a等位基因的分子标记在育种实践中意义重大。本研究利用扩增受阻突变系统(Amplification refractory mutation system,ARMS)的原理,开发出包含4条引物的共显性分子标记hd3afnp,鉴定Hd3a的功能单核苷酸多态性(Functional nucleotide polymorphism,FNP)。hd3afnp同表型完全连锁,1次PCR反应即可精确区分2种纯合等位基因型及其杂合基因型,从而有助于水稻的高光效分子标记辅助选择育种。The heading date of rice is closely related to photosynthetic efficiency,growing season and planting area of rice,resulting in the influence on high and stable yielding ability of rice.The florigen encoded by Hd3 a is a key factor in the regulation network of rice heading,which enhances heading under a short daylength but delays heading under a long daylength.Hd3 a contains multiple alleles,of which hd3 aKasa from the aus rice variety Kasalath has two consecutive base mutations(CC→AA)at the fourth exon compared with Hd3 aNip from the japonica rice variety Nipponbare,resulting in a stronger function.The genotype carrying hd3 aKasa is high in photosynthetic efficiency.Generally,rice varieties carrying hd3 aKasa have a higher yield,but they will get flowering later and their normal production may be affected.Luckily,the heterozygous genotype of Hd3 aNip/hd3 aKasa maintains both high yielding characteristics and a moderately delayed heading,thus it is advantageous to both of their homozygous genotypes.Because different alleles of Hd3 a have their own advantages and are complementary each other in the heterozygous state,it is of great significance to develop molecular markers that can accurately identify Hd3 a alleles.In this study,based on the principle of the amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS),a co-dominant molecular marker hd3 afnp containing four primers was developed to identify the functional single nucleotide polymorphism(FNP)of Hd3 a.hd3 afnp is completely linked to the phenotype,and a single PCR reaction can distinguish accurately two alleles as well as heterozygotes,so it is helpful for the molecular marker assisted selection breeding of rice with a high photosynthetic efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻 分子标记 抽穗期 成花素 高光效基因 Hd3a 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] Q75[生物学—分子生物学]