基于健康生态学模型的慢性病影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of chronic diseases based on health ecology model

作　　者：孙雨丹 杨林[1] 刘洁[1] 剌媛媛 王宇潇[1] 贺鹭[1] SUN Yu-dan;YANG Lin;LIU Jie;LA Yuan-yuan;WANG Yu-xiao;HE Lu(School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第15期2700-2702,2784,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山西省卫健委人口战略项目重点课题(RK05);山西省卫健委人口战略项目(RK27);山西省哲学社科规划课题(2019B225)。

摘　　要：目的以健康生态学模型为基础,分层次研讨慢性病的影响因素,为慢性病防控提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,对山西省9个区县3563名35岁以上居民进行问卷调查,以是否患慢性病为因变量,以个人特征、生活方式、人际网络、生活条件等方面的指标为自变量,进行χ~2检验和logistic回归分析。结果居民常见慢性病总的患病率为39.10%,患病率居于前三位的分别为高血压(20.74%)、糖尿病(8.48%)、类风湿性关节炎(6.57%);多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,性别、年龄、体质指数、吸烟、饮酒、饮食习惯、婚姻状况和受教育程度为慢性病的主要影响因素,各因素的OR值分别为1.273、1.927、1.361、1.712、1.587、0.754、0.367和0.889,每加入一个层次的影响因素,对结果的解释程度也增加。结论慢性病影响因素是多层次、多维度的,不同影响因素间有着纷繁复杂的关系,应从个体到环境因素加强对慢性病患者的干预。Objective To discuss the influencing factors of chronic diseases at different levels,and to provides reference for the prevention and control of chronic diseases.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 3563 residents over the age of 35 in 9 districts and counties of Shanxi Province.Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed with chronic disease as the dependent variable and indicators such as personal characteristics,lifestyle,interpersonal network,and living conditions as independent variables.Results The overall prevalence of common chronic diseases among residents was 39.10%,and the top three diseases were hypertension(20.74%),diabetes(8.48%),and rheumatoid arthritis(6.57%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,body mass index,smoking,drinking,eating habits,marital status,and education were the main influencing factors of chronic diseases.The OR values of each factor were 1.273,1.927,1.361,1.712,1.587,0.754,0.367 and 0.889,respectively.As each level of influence factor was added,the degree of interpretation of the results increased.Conclusion The influencing factors of chronic diseases are multi-layered and multi-dimensional.Different influencing factors have complicated relationships.The intervention of individual and environmental factors should be strengthened in patients with chronic diseases.

关 键 词：健康生态学 行为生活方式 慢性病 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]