汉语二语学习者推测词义的偏误及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Errors and Influencing Factors of CSL Learners in Inferring Word Meaning

作　　者：汤明 Tang Ming

机构地区：[1]华侨大学华文学院,福建厦门

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期42-52,共11页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：华侨大学高层次人才科研启动项目“汉语二语学习者在阅读中的猜词研究”(18SKBS207)。

摘　　要：通过书面测试和面谈的形式调查了29名中级汉语学习者在句子阅读和段落阅读中推测词义的偏误情况,并对偏误原因进行了深入探讨。结果显示汉语学习者在推测词义时会产生六大类偏误,包括语素层面的偏误、词语层面的偏误、句子层面的偏误、语境层面的偏误、母语层面的偏误以及与其他已有知识有关的偏误。这些偏误出现的频次会随着目标词的语义透明度、文本的语境强度以及学习者的母语背景的变化而发生变化,而导致学习者猜词偏误的原因可分为主观原因与客观原因,并根据这些原因为汉语教学提供了相关建议。The 29 intermediate-level CSL learners’were investigated for errors in inferring word meaning in sentence reading and passage reading through written tests and interviews,and the causes of errors were discussed in depth.The results show that the CSL learners make six types of errors in inferring the meaning of words,including morpheme-related errors,word-related errors,sentence-related errors,context-related errors,native-language-related errors and the previous knowledge related errors.The frequency of these errors varied with the semantic transparency of target words,the context strength of the texts,and learners’native language background.Based on the results,the paper pointed out the subjective and objective causes of the CSL learners’errors and offered some suggestions for CSL teaching accordingly.

关 键 词：推测词义 偏误 语义透明度 语境 母语背景 

分 类 号：H19[语言文字—汉语]