凡纳滨对虾选育群体子代仔虾幼体耐低盐能力比较研究  

Comparative study on the low salt tolerance in larval offspring of Litopenaeus vannamei breeding populations

作　　者：张哲[1] 黄种持 杨章武[1] 陈思源 葛辉[1] 陆承宽 林嘉铭 杜秀萍 郑雅友[1] 李正良[1] 林克冰[1] 游伟伟[3] ZHANG Zhe;HUANG Zhongchi;YANG Zhangwu;CHEN Siyuan;GE Hui;LU Chengkuan;LIN Jiaming;DU Xiuping;ZHENG Yayou;LI Zhengliang;LIN Kebing;YOU Weiwei(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;Fujian Fishery Resources Monitoring Center,Fuzhou 350003,China;College of Ocean and Earth,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361110,China;Fisheries College of Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013 [2]福建省渔业资源监测中心,福建福州350003 [3]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361110 [4]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《渔业研究》2020年第4期366-371,共6页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省种业创新与产业化工程(2017-2020)海洋与渔业项目(2017FJSCZY02),福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项(2019HYJG01);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2019R1013-9).

摘　　要：为研究凡纳滨对虾选育性状,在实验水温25.0~29.3℃、实验时间48 h条件下,本研究对A、B、C、D四个凡纳滨对虾选育群体的自交和杂交不同交配组合子代的仔虾幼体(发育期P 11~P 12,体长6.09~7.54 mm)进行了耐低盐能力的比较实验,以48 h的存活率和体长为指标综合评价不同种源子代仔虾幼体的耐低盐能力。结果显示,当盐度为3时,在17个实验组中,低存活率的6个组(存活率17.69%~57.37%)和高存活率的11个组(存活率68.72%~96.10%)存在显著差异(P<0.05);耐低盐能力最强的2个实验组分别是A群种虾和D群种虾的正、反杂交子代,而耐低盐能力最弱的2个实验组分别是D群种虾和C群种虾的自交子代。实验结果表明凡纳滨对虾不同种源、不同交配组合繁育的子代仔虾,其耐低盐能力存在差异,研究结果可为对虾选育研究提供参考。This study aimed to investigate the low-salt tolerance of various larval offspring of Litopenaeus vannamei A,B,C,and D groups from inbreeding and/or hybridization so as to discover technologies of selection and breeding.The larvae used for study were in the growth period of P 11~P 12 with body length of 6.09~7.54 mm.Over the experimental period of 48 h,the water temperature was at 25.0~29.3℃.The survival rate at 48 h and factors such as body length were used to evaluate the low salt tolerance of larvae from different provenances.The results showed that at salinity 3,among the 17 experimental groups,6 reporting lower survival rates(17.69%~57.37%)uncovered significant differences in survival rate of being tolerant to low salt(P<0.05)with the other 11 reporting higher ones(68.72%~96.10%).The 2 groups with the best tolerance to low salt were the progenies and backcrosses of group A and group D,respectively.The two with the lowest tolerance to low salt were the self-bred progenies of group D and group C.It was suggested that there were differences in the low salt tolerance of larval offspring from different provenances and/or different mating modes.The results could provide reference for prawn breeding research.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 选育 仔虾幼体 耐低盐能力 

分 类 号：S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]