饲料投喂及清淤对养殖库湾水环境的影响  

Effect of feeding and dredging on water environment in aquaculture bay

作　　者：韩胜盼 张真[1,2,3] 施玉雪 盘家永 任丽萍 陈来生 董为贞 刘其根[1,2,3] HAN Shengpan;ZHANG Zhen;SHI Yuxue;PAN Jiayong;REN Liping;CHEN Laisheng;DONG Weizhen;LIU Qigen(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition(CREEFN)of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Hangzhou Qiandao Lake Group Co.Ltd,Hangzhou 311700,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306 [4]杭州千岛湖发展集团有限公司,浙江杭州311700

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2020年第4期506-515,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD13B02)。

摘　　要：为探究缩减饲料投喂量及清淤对养殖库湾水环境的影响,在鲢、鳙放养密度均为20 g/m^3的基础上,设置4个处理组库湾,分别为B1(不清淤、饵料投喂减半)、B2(清淤、不投饵)、B3(清淤、饵料投喂减半)和B4(不清淤、饵料投喂正常),实验周期为9个月。结果显示:4个库湾的总氮浓度、总磷浓度、高锰酸盐指数、藻类生物量从低到高分别为B2、B4、B1、B3,B2、B1、B4、B3,B2、B1、B4、B3,B2、B1、B3、B4(P<0.05),浮游动物生物量之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,B2无论是在营养盐的控制还是在藻类的控制方面均取得了最佳的效果。作为养殖库湾,其主要功能是得到更高的鱼产量。在达到养殖水质要求的情况下,为了得到更高的鱼产量,应合理地利用饵料。因此,对于养殖用水的处理,要根据具体的水质条件,采用合理的修复方式,实现水质改善和养殖生产的双赢。In order to investigate the effects of reducing feeding amount of bait and dredging on water environment of aquaculture bay,four treatment groups were set up on the basis of 20 g/m^3 stocking density of silver carp and bighead carp,which were B1(no dredging,half feeding of bait),B2(dredging,no feeding),B3(dredging,half feeding of bait),B4(no dredging,normal feeding of bait).The experimental period was 9 months.Results showed as follows:The total nitrogen concentration,total phosphorus concentration,permanganate index and algae biomass from low to high were B2,B4,B1,B3;B2,B1,B4,B3;B2,B1,B4,B3;B2,B1,B3,B4(P<0.05),respectively.There was no significant difference in zooplankton biomass(P>0.05).B2 achieved the best results in both the control of nutrient salt and algae.As the aquaculture bay,its main function is to get higher fish production.Under the condition of meeting the requirements of aquaculture water quality,the rational use of the bait should be taken to obtain higher fish production.Therefore,for the treatment of aquaculture water,the reasonable remediation methods should be adopted according to the specific water quality conditions in order to achieve a win-win situation of water quality improvement and aquaculture production.

关 键 词：库湾 清淤 缩减饵料投喂量 营养盐 浮游生物 

分 类 号：S912[农业科学—水产科学]