十六烷值改进剂的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Cetane Number Improver

作　　者：宋明龙 龙小柱 SONG Ming-long;LONG Xiao-zhu(Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学化学工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《沈阳化工大学学报》2020年第2期120-124,134,共6页Journal of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(L2013169)。

摘　　要：以草酸、异辛醇为原料,甲苯为携水剂和溶剂,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,酯化合成草酸异辛酯作为十六烷值改进剂.通过单因素实验以及正交实验,对柴油十六烷值改进剂的合成进行系统研究,正交实验设计、极差分析得到制备草酸异辛酯的最佳工艺条件:草酸与异辛醇的摩尔比为1∶2.2;溶剂甲苯的用量为30 mL;催化剂的用量为0.5%(以酸醇总质量计,下同);酯化反应时间为75 min.单因素实验研究了酸醇配比、携水剂用量、催化剂用量和酯化反应时间等对目的产物酯化合成效果的影响.红外光谱对产物的分子结构进行了表征,表明所合成产物分子的官能团结构与目的产物相符.确定草酸异酯的最佳加剂量为1.7%(体积分数),加入到抚顺0#柴油中,可使该柴油的十六烷值提高2.8个单位.Oxalic acid and isooctyl alcohol were used as raw materials,toluene as water carrier and solvent,and p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst to synthesize isooctyl oxalate as a cetane number improver.The synthesis of diesel cetane number improver was systematically studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The optimal process conditions for the preparation of isooctyl oxalate were obtained by orthogonal experimental design and range analysis:oxalic acid and isooctyl alcohol.The molar ratio of oxalic acid and isooctyl alcohol was 1∶2.2;the amont of solvent toluene was 30 mL;the amount of the catalyst was 0.5%(based on the total mass of the acid alcohol);and the esterification reaction time was 75 minutes.The effects of acid-alcohol ratio,water-carrying agent dosage,catalyst dosage and esterification reaction time on the esterification synthesis of the target product were studied by single factor experiment.The molecular structure of the product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy,which indicated that the functional group structure of the synthesized product molecule was consistent with the target product.The optimum dosage of oxalic acid ester was 1.7%(volume fraction),and the cetane number of Fushun 0#diesel was increased by 2.8 units.

关 键 词：柴油 十六烷值改进剂 草酸异辛酯 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]