耳鸣相关基因研究进展  

Advances in Research of Gene Related to Tinnitus

作　　者：于澜[1,2] 王秋菊 YU Lan;WANG Qiuju(College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853;National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部,北京100853 [2]国家耳鼻咽喉疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100853

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2020年第4期763-767,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81830028,81530032);国家自然科学基金青年项目(81900951,81900950);军队医学科技青年培育计划孵化项目(19QNP058);军队后勤科研计生专项(19JSZ14)联合资助。

摘　　要：耳鸣作为一种常见的主观症状困扰着人们的学习、工作和生活,深入了解耳鸣的病因和病理机制有助于对耳鸣患者进行精确诊断和干预治疗。随着遗传学研究的重大突破和快速发展,耳鸣的遗传因素也逐渐受到学术界的关注。已有流行病学研究通过同卵和异卵双胞胎多年的随访结果支持耳鸣具有遗传性。但耳鸣易受多种因素影响,且致病机制并未形成完善统一的认识,相关基因导致耳鸣的证据还不足,耳鸣的致病基因和遗传模式需进一步研究和探讨。目前人类耳鸣相关基因的研究仍处于起步阶段,根据表型对受试者进行仔细精确的选择,将有助于识别耳鸣基因或与耳鸣相关合并症的基因。耳鸣候选基因的鉴定可为耳鸣的诊断和治疗提供依据。Tinnitus is a common symptom that can affect daily life.In-depth understanding of etiologies and pathological mechanisms of tinnitus will help improve its diagnosis and treatment.With important breakthroughs and rapid development in genetic research,genetic factors in tinnitus have increasingly attracted academic attention.Epidemiological studies based on years of follow-up and comparison between monozygotic and dizygotic twins support heritability in tinnitus.However,tinnitus is easily affected by a variety of factors and there lacks a complete and widely accepted understanding regarding its pathogenesis.The evidence supporting genetic contribution to tinnitus is insufficient.The pathogenic genes and genetic model of tinnitus need to be further studied and discussed.Gene research in patients with tinnitus is still in its infancy.Careful and accurate subject selection based on phenotype is required.This will help identify tinnitus genes or genes associated with tinnitus complications.Identification of candidate genes can provide additional basis for tinnitus diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：耳鸣 遗传 基因 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]