热休克蛋白在耳毒性损伤过程中对内耳细胞的保护作用  

Protection of Inner Ear Cells by Heat Shock Protein against Ototoxicity

作　　者：杨阳 查定军 YANG Yang;ZHA Dingjun(Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Xijing Hospital,Air Force Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,西安710032

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2020年第4期787-791,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870732);陕西省科技重点项目(2018PT-01);西京助推-先进学科建设项目(XJZT14X07,XJZT15D02,XJZT18MDT07,XJZT18X23,XJZT18D16)联合资助。

摘　　要：热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins,HSPs)是生物在受到热休克以及各种物理、化学、病理等外界刺激时被诱导并高度表达的一类蛋白质,是普遍存在于各种生物体中高度保守的蛋白质家族,在生物体内发挥分子伴侣、抗应激、调节细胞凋亡、抗氧化以及参与机体免疫等重要的生理功能。随着近年来热休克蛋白在药物开发等的各个领域的研究获得了重要突破,其在耳毒性损伤中的保护作用得到了广泛关注。包括顺铂和氨基糖苷类在内的两大类的耳毒性副作用的治疗药物会对内耳感觉毛细胞造成不同程度的损伤,导致大量患者出现听力损失因此,我们迫切需要寻找一种既不抑制这些药物治疗功效又能够保护内耳的治疗方法。本文综述了近年来热休克蛋白家族在内耳耳毒性损伤保护作用及机制方面的研究进展,为进一步完善内耳毛细胞耳毒性损伤的研究提供一定的参考,同时为开发抗耳毒性药物损伤的保护剂提供理论基础。Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are induced and highly expressed in heat shock and during chemical,physical and pathological stimulations.It is a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that exist ubiquitously in various organisms.HSPs play important functions including chaperones,anti-stress,regulation of apoptosis,antioxidation,and involvement in immunity.With recent breakthroughs in HSP research in drug development and other fields,their potential protective effects in ototoxic damage have received extensive attention.Two major classes of ototoxic drugs,i.e.cisplatin and aminoglycosides,can cause varying degrees of damage to inner ear sensory cells,resulting in hearing loss in many patients.There is an urgent need for a treatment that does not inhibit the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs while protecting the inner ear.In this paper,recent advances in studying the protection by heat shock proteins against inner ear ototoxic damage and its mechanisms are reviewed for the further studies and for the development of protective agents against ototoxicity.

关 键 词：热休克蛋白 耳毒性 毛细胞损伤 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]