环境规制对养殖户病死猪资源化处理行为的影响——基于河北、河南和湖北的调研数据  

Effect of Environmental Regulation on Household Dead Pig Recycling disposal Behavior——Based on the Empirical Data in Hebei,Henan,and Hubei province

作　　者：司瑞石 陆迁[1] 张淑霞[2] SI Ruishi;LU Qian;ZHANG Shuxia

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2020年第7期47-60,共14页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“农村环境治理中政府与社区互补和替代效应机理研究”(编号:71603206)。

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟等疫情冲击下,推动病死猪从深埋、焚烧等无害化处理向堆肥、发酵、化制等资源化处理转型是畜禽业绿色可持续发展的基本要求。本文基于河北、河南和湖北3省354户生猪养殖户数据,采用Probit模型和Tobit模型实证分析激励性规制、引导性规制和自愿性规制对养殖户病死猪资源化处理行为的影响,并采用工具变量法(IV-Probit模型和IV-Tobit模型)处理引导性规制的内生性问题。研究发现:激励性规制代理变量"政府补贴强度"、引导性规制代理变量"技术指导强度"及自愿性规制代理变量"承诺约束强度"对养殖户病死猪资源化处理决策和处理程度均存在正向显著影响;其中引导性规制的促进作用最强,自愿性规制的促进作用次之,激励性规制的影响效应最弱;引导性规制在自愿性规制对养殖户病死猪资源化处理决策和处理程度的正向影响中发挥着增强性的调节作用。最后,提出分类实施补贴政策、多主体供给技术服务以及完善病死猪契约治理等政策建议。Under the background of epidemic African Swine Fever,it is necessary for the sustainable development of livestock and poultry industry to promote dead pig from simple disposals such as deep burial and incineration to recycling disposals such as composting,fermentation,and chemical conversion.Based on the empirical data of 354 households engaging in breeding pig in Hebei,Henan,and Hubei province,a Probit and a Tobit model were employed to empirically analyze the effect of incentive regulation,guiding regulation,and voluntary regulation on households’dead pig recycling disposal behavior.This paper also adopted the instrumental variable method(IV-Probit model and IV-Tobit model)to deal with the endogeneity of guiding regulation.The results show that the proxy variable of incentive regulation"government subsidy intensity",the proxy variable of guiding regulation"technology guidance intensity",and the proxy variable of voluntary regulatory"commitment constraint intensity"exert significant positive impacts on households’recycling disposal decision-making and recycling disposal degree.In addition,the promoting effect of guiding regulation is the strongest,the boosting effect of voluntary regulation is the second,and the influencing effect of incentive regulation is the weakest.Further research shows that the guiding regulation plays an enhanced regulatory role in the positive influence of voluntary regulation on households’recycling disposal decision-making and recycling degree.Finally,some policy recommendations,such as implementing classified subsidy policies,multi-subject supplying technology services,and improving contract management for dead pigs,are proposed.

关 键 词：激励性规制 引导性规制 自愿性规制 病死猪 资源化处理 

分 类 号：S851.23[农业科学—预防兽医学] X713[农业科学—兽医学]