HIV阳性女性宫颈癌筛查现状及影响因素  

Status quo and influencing factors of cervical cancer screening in HIV-positive women

作　　者：张瑶 王菁菁 林书贤 杨盛波[2] 谷灿[1] ZHANG Yao;WANG Jingjing;LIN Shuxian;YANG Shengbo;GU Can(Xiangya Nursing School,Central South University,Changsha 410013,China;Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410013)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅护理学院,长沙410013 [2]中南大学湘雅三医院,长沙410013

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2020年第7期737-740,756,共5页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81703084);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ3711);Xiangya-UCLA艾滋病相关行为学研究培训项目子项目(1D43TW009579-01);中南大学研究生调查研究项目(202231802);护理学湖南省重点实验室项目(2017TP1004)。

摘　　要：目的分析艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性女性的宫颈癌筛查现状及其影响因素。方法于2019年1-7月,连续抽取符合纳入标准的213例HIV抗体阳性女性,使用社会人口学资料问卷、宫颈癌筛查行为问卷、保护动机理论框架问卷对其进行横断面调查。结果213例HIV阳性女性中,150例(70.4%)有参加宫颈癌筛查的意愿,78例(36.6%)过去参加过宫颈癌筛查。单因素数据分析结果表明,易感性、恐惧心理、自我效能和婚姻状态与HIV阳性女性的宫颈癌筛查行为有关;Logistic回归分析结果表明恐惧心理[比值比(OR)=1.530,95%可信区间(CI):1.239~1.889]以及自我效能(OR=1.830,95%CI:1.285~2.606)是HIV阳性女性参加宫颈癌筛查的保护因素。结论HIV阳性女性的宫颈癌筛查率较低,医务人员可以在保护动机理论的指导下,采用诊疗时建议、电话随访和媒体宣传等措施进行健康宣教,提升HIV阳性女性的恐惧心理和自我效能,并为有筛查意愿的HIV阳性女性制定促进筛查实施的计划和策略,提高HIV阳性女性的宫颈癌筛查率。Objective To know the current status of HIV-positive women’s cervical cancer screening and the influencing factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the eligible 213 HIV-positive women by using questionnaires to collect their sociodemographic information,cervical cancer screening behavior based on the protective motivation theory.Results 150(70.4%)HIV-positive women were willing to receive cervical cancer screening,and 78(36.6%)had got cervical cancer screening previously.The univariate analysis demonstrated that the perceived vulnerability,fear,self-efficacy and marital status were significantly associated with HIV-positive women’s cervical screening behavior.Logistic regression analysis showed that fear(OR=1.530,95%CI:1.239-1.889)and self-efficacy(OR=1.830,95%CI:1.285-2.606)were positive factors of HIV-positive women’s previous cervical screening behavior.Conclusion The rate of cervical cancer screening among Chinese HIV-positive women is lower than those in developed countries.Medical staff is suggested to develop behavioral change strategies based on the protection motivation theory,to promote the screening of HIV-positive women.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 宫颈癌 筛查 保护动机理论 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R373.9[医药卫生—临床医学]