Breather-induced quantised superfluid vortex filaments and their characterisation  

作　　者：Hao Li Chong Liu Wei Zhao Zhan-Ying Yang Wen-Li Yang 

机构地区：[1]School of Physics,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China [2]Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers,Xi'an 710127,China [3]NSFC-SPTP Peng Huanwu Center for Fundamental Theory,Xi’an 710127,China [4]Institute of Modern Physics,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China [5]Institute of Photonics and Photon-technology,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China [6]State Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology and Functional Materials,Xi'an 710127,China

出　　处：《Communications in Theoretical Physics》2020年第7期132-140,共9页理论物理通讯（英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.11705145,11875220,11947301,11434013,and 11425522);Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2018JQ1003);the Major Basic Research Program of Natural Science of Shaanxi Province(Grant Nos.2017KCT-12,2017ZDJC-32)。

摘　　要：We study and characterise the breather-induced quantised superfluid vortex filaments which correspond to the Kuznetsov-Ma breather and super-regular breather excitations developing from localised perturbations.Such vortex filaments,emerging from an otherwise perturbed helical vortex,exhibit intriguing loop structures corresponding to the large amplitude of breathers due to the dual action of bending and twisting of the vortex.The loop induced by the Kuznetsov-Ma breather emerges periodically as time increases,while the loop structure triggered by the superregular breather—the loop pair—exhibits striking symmetry breaking due to the broken reflection symmetry of the group velocities of the super-regular breather.In particular,we identify explicitly the generation conditions of these loop excitations by introducing a physical quantity—the integral of the relative quadratic curvature—which corresponds to the effective energy of breathers.Despite the nature of nonlinearity,it is demonstrated that this physical quantity shows a linear correlation with the loop size.These results will deepen our understanding of breather-induced vortex filaments and be helpful for controllable ring-like excitations on the vortices.

关 键 词：vortex filament loop structure local induction approximation Kuznetsov-Ma breather super-regular breather 

分 类 号：O415[理学—理论物理]