基于激光轮廓仪的非接触式钢轨廓形检测系统  

Non-contact Rail Profile Detection System Based on Laser Profiler

作　　者：包亚俊 刘瑾[1] 杨海马[2] 江声华 袁宝龙 杨萍 BAO Yajun;LIU Jin;YANG Haima;JIANG Shenghua;YUAN Baolong;YANG Ping(School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Shanghai Ruilnu Machinery Corp.,Shanghai 200120,China;Shanghai Huaike Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.,Shanghai 201999,China;Shanghai Aerospace Equipments Manufacturer Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200245,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学电子电气工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海理工大学光电信息与计算机工程学院,上海200093 [3]上海瑞纽机械股份有限公司,上海200120 [4]上海淮科智能科技有限公司,上海201999 [5]上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司,上海200245

出　　处：《电子科技》2020年第8期28-33,86,共7页Electronic Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61701296,U1831133);上海市自然科学基金(17ZR1443500);上海航天科技创新基金(SAST2017-062);宝山区科技创新专项基金(17-C-21)。

摘　　要：传统钢轨廓形几何尺寸测量多以手工测量为主,基于激光轮廓仪的高精度廓形检测系统的应用可解决手工测量效率低、误差大的问题。新补充利用中值滤波法对激光轮廓仪采集到的廓形数据进行预处理;通过坐标平移和坐标旋转将坐标系归一化;然后通过二次拟合选择合适的特征点对廓形拼接匹配。经现场测试,钢轨廓形尺寸的重复测量误差小于0.1 mm,绝对测量精度最高可达0.014 mm,满足国家标准对钢轨廓形检测精度的需要,说明该方法有效提高了钢轨的检测效率。At present,the geometrical dimension measurement of the rail profile is mostly based on manual measurement.The high-precision profile detection system based on the laser profiler can improve work efficiency of manual measurement and reduce measurement errors.The median filtering method was used to preprocess the profile data collected by the laser profilometer,and the coordinate system was transformed by coordinate translation and coordinate rotation.Then,the appropriate feature point was selected by quadratic fitting to match the silhouette stitching.After field test,the repeated measurement error of the rail profile size was less than 0.1 mm,and the absolute measurement accuracy was up to 0.014 mm.These experimental value met the requirements of the national standard for the detection accuracy of the rail profile,indicating the proposed method could effectively improve the detection efficiency of the rail.

关 键 词：钢轨廓形 中值滤波法 坐标变换 激光轮廓仪 廓形检测 二次拟合 

分 类 号：TP278[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]