鱼鳞坑工程措施下不同坡度坡面土壤侵蚀过程研究  

The Soil Erosion Process of Different Slopes under the Engineering Measures of Fish-Scale Pits

作　　者：张丽萍 ZHANG Liping(Dalian Water Affairs Service Center,Dalian,Liaoning 116001,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市水务事务服务中心,辽宁大连116001

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2020年第8期37-39,I0001,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

摘　　要：鱼鳞坑是水土流失治理中常用的工程措施之一。依托东北黑土区水土流失综合防治第一期工程项目复州河流域辽宁省瓦房店市东风项目区,对不同坡度坡面在采取鱼鳞坑措施后的产流、产沙过程进行了野外放水冲刷试验。结果表明:随着坡度的逐渐增大,产流时间逐渐缩短,产流强度随时间增加呈较为复杂的动态变化特征;受到鱼鳞坑冲毁情况差异的影响,陡坡出现复杂多变的土壤侵蚀产沙过程,但径流含沙量和产沙量总体上遵循随坡度增大而增大的规律;通常情况下,鱼鳞坑对东北黑土区一般坡度的坡面能够产生较好的减流减沙作用,但是会随着坡度的增加而逐渐减弱,因此对鱼鳞坑在东北黑土区较陡地区的水土流失治理效益还需做进一步的探讨分析。Fish-scale pit is one of the common engineering measures in soil erosion control. Based on Dongfeng project area of Fuzhou River basin in Wafangdian city of Liaoning province,which is on the stage Ⅰ project of soil and water loss comprehensive prevention and control in black soil area of Northeast China,this paper made field flushing tests on the runoff and sediment yield processes of different slopes after taking fish-scale pit measures. The results show that a) with the gradual increase of slope,the runoff generation time is gradually shortened and the runoff intensity presents a more complex dynamic change characteristics with the increase of time;b) affected by the different erosion conditions of fish-scale pits,the steep slope has a complex and changeable process of soil erosion and sediment yield,but generally follows the law of increasing with the slope and;c) under normal conditions,the fish-scale pit can reduce runoff and sediment on the slope with general slopes,but it will be gradually weakened with the increase of slope. Thus,the benefits of soil and water loss control of fish-scale pits in steeper areas need to be further discussed and analyzed.

关 键 词：鱼鳞坑 水土流失治理 坡度 产流 产沙 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]