基于多层次植被分类系统的滨江带景观生态应用——以宜昌市滨江公园为例  

Research on landscape ecological application of riverside belt based on multi-level vegetation classification system

作　　者：徐靖婷 刘鸿琳[1] 屈仁超 XU Jingting;LIU Honglin;QU Renchao(Hubei Provincial Colaborative Innovation Center for Geo-Hazards&Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Area,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China;Construction and Management Bureau of China Three Gorges,China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学三峡地区地质灾害与生态环境协同创新中心,湖北宜昌443002 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司三峡枢纽建设运行管理局,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第7期135-143,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：教育部青年基金项目“山地城市滨江带多尺度景观格局演变与生态效益研究”(14YJCZH095)。

摘　　要：【目的】景观生态应用需要一种适当的植被分类系统来对植被状况进行尽可能详细描述。这是环境影响评价中一个通用的、基本的要求,常常会基于几个不同植被分类系统的植被详细清单和描述性信息,目的是合理描述植被用于景观设计的环境清单,从而提升场地环境的美学体验、优化空间结构、增强人的活动体验和控制场地边界。【方法】多层次植被分类系统是根据Marsh提出的“五层次分类系统”原则,综合了林奈植物分类系统、形态结构分类系统和生态分类系统等方法进行的整理,包括植被整体结构、优势植物类型、植物大小和密度、植被生长的场所、栖息地和重要植物种类等5个层次。【结果】以湖北宜昌市滨江公园为例,将滨江公园长度为5.6 km的带状绿地分成A^F 6个样地,运用多层次植被分类系统方法,从侧重园林景观用途的应用层面来探讨多层次植被分类系统在城市滨江带景观生态应用中的适应性。滨江公园带状绿地带共计70科132属175种植物,乔木、灌木、地被和藤本三者之比约为3:2:1,常绿植物与落叶植物的比例约为3:2。主要的观花植物的观赏时间基本涵盖四季,色相与季相变化丰富;但各样地分段存在植物配置较单一、垂直结构失调和植物景观缺乏特色等问题。【结论】提出景观生态应用策略:1、结合多层次植被分类系统进行植被描述与分类,提升整体绿地景观质量;2、调整植物群落垂直结构,使群落生态特性匹配相应的配植形式;3、营造滨江带绿道景观空间序列,彰显生态效益与社会效益。【Objective】The application of landscape ecology requires an appropriate plant or vegetation classification system to describe the vegetation status as much as possible.This is a general,basic requirement for environmental impact assessments,often based on a detailed inventory of vegetation and descriptive information from several different vegetation classification systems.The purpose is to reasonably describe the environmental inventory of vegetation for landscape design,thereby enhancing the aesthetic experience of the site environment,optimizing the spatial structure,enhancing the human activity experience and controlling the site boundary.【Method】The multi-level vegetation classification system is based on the‘five-level classification system’principle proposed by William M.Marsh.It integrates the Linnaeus plant classification system,morphological structure classification system and ecological classification system,including five levels as the overall vegetation structure,dominant plants,size and density of plants,sites and habitats and crucial species.【Result】Taking Binjiang park of Yichang as an example,this paper divides the strip green space with a length of 5.6 km into six plots,and uses multi-level vegetation classification system to explore the adaptability and application of landscape.The green belt of Binjiang Park has a total of 175 species of 132 genera.The ratio of trees,shrubs,ground covers and vines is about 3:2:1,and the ratio of evergreen plants to deciduous plants is about 3:2.The landscape here basically covers a year,however,there are problems such as monotonous,vertical structural imbalance and lack of characteristics of plant landscape.【Conclusion】The following strategies were proposed for landscape ecological application:1、vegetation description and classification were carried out in combination with the multi-level vegetation classification system to improve the quality of overall green landscape;2、adjust the vertical structure of the plant community to match the

关 键 词：多层次 植被分类 滨江带 景观 

分 类 号：S727.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]