微纳光纤制备方法及高精度直径控制技术  

Fabrication methods and high-precision diameter control techniques of optical micro-/nanofibers

作　　者：康仪 刘可盈 谢宇[1] 龚珏 姚妮 方伟[1] 郭欣[1] 张磊[1] 王攀[1] 童利民[1] KANG Yi;LIU KeYing;XIE Yu;GONG Jue;YAO Ni;FANG Wei;GUO Xin;ZHANG Lei;WANG Pan;TONG LiMin(State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation,College of Optical Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光电科学与工程学院现代光学仪器国家重点实验室,杭州310027

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2020年第8期2-15,共14页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFB2200400);国家自然科学基金重大科研仪器研制项目(编号:11527901);中央高校基本科研业务费资助。

摘　　要：微纳光纤具有小尺寸、强光场约束、大比例倏逝场、低传输损耗等特性,近年来获得广泛关注及应用研究,其中微纳光纤的制备精度是决定其导波特性及应用性能的关键因素.本文首先介绍玻璃微纳光纤的高温拉伸制备原理,接着重点介绍基于火焰加热手持式拉伸、火焰加热机械扫描拉伸、电加热机械扫描拉伸及激光加热机械扫描拉伸的微纳光纤实验制备方法,分析及比较了四种制备方法的优缺点.同时,简要介绍了聚合物微纳光纤的制备方法.然后,详细介绍了基于高阶模截止的直径反馈控制原理、控制技术及纳米级直径控制精度的制备系统,以及微纳光纤的在线直径测量方法.最后,简要总结微纳光纤制备方面的已有进展,并探讨进一步研究方向.Owing to their favorable properties including small sizes,tight optical confinement,large fractional evanescent fields,and low waveguiding losses,optical micro-/nanofibers have attracted broad research interest and technological applications in recent years,in which the precision in micro-/nanofiber fabrication is critical to determine their waveguiding properties and performances.Here,we firstly introduce the principles of high-temperature taper drawing of glass fibers.Next,we review typical fabrication methods including flame-heated manual drawing approach,flame-heated mechanical drawing technique,electric-heated mechanical drawing technique and laser-heated mechanical drawing technique.Cons and pros of the above-mentioned techniques are discussed,followed by a brief introduction to the fabrication of polymer micro-/nanofibers.Thirdly,we introduce the principle and techniques of high-precision diameter control in glass micro-/nanofiber fabrication based on a in-situ feedback from the cutoff of high-order waveguiding modes,which can offer a diameter precision down to nanometer level.In addition,several techniques for diameter measurement of a micro-/nanofiber are also introduced.Finally,we end the review with a brief summary in micro-/nanofiber fabrication,as well as an outlook to future possibilities.

关 键 词：微纳光纤 精确制备 直径控制 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学]