贵州岩溶地区射电望远镜方案探讨  

The conceptual designs of radio telescopes in Guizhou karst region

作　　者：朱博勤[1] 钱磊[1] 岳友岭[1] ZHU BoQin;QIAN Lei;YUE YouLing(CAS Key Laboratory of FAST,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院FAST重点实验室,中国科学院国家天文台,北京100101

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2020年第8期147-153,共7页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(编号:2017YFA0402600);中国科学院青年创新促进会(会员编号:2018075);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划;贵州省科技计划项目(编号:黔科合支撑[2020]4Y022号)资助。

摘　　要：作为建设在岩溶洼地中的大口径射电望远镜,我国的500 m口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)已经完成调试,发现了超过一百颗脉冲星,取得了一系列科学成果.然而,一台单一的望远镜观测效能仍然有一定局限,通过在其周边建造一些其他望远镜将提升其观测效能,有助于取得更多科学成果.结合贵州岩溶地区洼地的形态分析,探讨了在该地区建设大型射电望远镜的一些设计方案.分析了洼地的形态、口径和深度等基本性质,讨论了建造射电望远镜的可能方案,包括中星仪巡天阵列、类全可动射电望远镜、口面倾斜射电望远镜和低频固定球面射电望远镜.简要分析了工程中面临的一些困难,计算了天区覆盖、灵敏度等基本参数,提出了适合这些望远镜的科学目标,包括脉冲星和快速射电暴搜寻以及射电变源研究.这些望远镜与FAST的协同观测,将拓展FAST的观测能力,有助于在时域天文学等领域取得更多科学成果.The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST)—a large-aperture radio telescope constructed in a karst depression—is completing its commissioning.Several studies have been performed using FAST,including the discovery of over 100 pulsars.Nevertheless,the ability of a single telescope is still limited.The construction of other radio telescopes and telescope arrays around FAST will promote its use for new types of observations and help to achieve additional scientific goals.Based on the analyses of the basic properties of the karst depressions in the Guizhou Province—e.g.,their morphologies,aperture diameters,and depths—some conceptual designs have been proposed for large-scale radio telescopes and telescopic arrays.They include a drift-scan survey array,a quasi-steerable radio telescope,a tilted radio telescope,and a fixed-reflector,low-frequency spherical radio telescope.The sky coverage and sensitivity have been calculated for each design,and possible science goals have been discussed,including searches for pulsars and fast radio bursts,as well as studies of variable radio sources.By coordinating their observations with FAST,these telescopes will greatly expand the observational capabilities of FAST and yield substantially more science results,especially in the area of time-domain astronomy.

关 键 词：台址 望远镜 观测方法 

分 类 号：P111.44[天文地球—天文学]