刺槐幼苗对NaCl胁迫的生理生化响应  

Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Robinia pseudoacacia Seedlings to NaCl Stress

作　　者：甘红豪 赵帅 杨泽坤 褚建民[1] GAN Hong-hao;ZHAO Shuai;YANG Ze-kun;CHU Jian-min(Coastal forestry Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration/State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局滨海林业研究中心,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2020年第4期75-82,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2017MB003);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800514)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究刺槐幼苗对不同浓度NaCl的生理生化响应,为建立刺槐抗逆性生态生理指标体系提供理论依据。[方法]以1年生刺槐幼苗为材料,施加不同浓度NaCl(0、50、100 mmol·L^-1),分析其生长、生理及水通道蛋白和Na+/H+逆向转运蛋白基因转录表达变化特征。[结果]在NaCl胁迫下,刺槐生长被抑制,叶片相对含水量、光合色素含量、光合作用参数降低,水分利用效率和气孔限制值升高;根和叶中MDA含量、抗氧化酶(CAT、APX和GR)活性及渗透调节物质(游离脯氨酸、氨基酸和可溶性蛋白质)含量升高;NaCl胁迫改变了刺槐体内Na^+、K^+、Mg^2+的离子平衡状态,但是对Ca2+的含量影响不显著。NaCl胁迫诱导了刺槐根中水通道蛋白基因(TIP1;1、PIP1;1和PIP2;1)、叶中水通道蛋白基因(TIP1;1和PIP1;1)及根和叶中Na^+/H^+逆向转运蛋白基因NHX1的转录表达。[结论]刺槐通过增加叶片水分利用效率、合成并积累抗氧化酶和渗透调节物质及诱导相关基因转录表达,增强了盐适应能力。[Objective] To study the physiological and biochemical responses of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings to NaCl stress, and provide a theoretical basis for establishing an ecological physiological index system of R.pseudoacacia resistance. [Method] One-year-old R. pseudoacacia seedlings were used to observe the effects of different NaCl concentrations(0, 50, 100 mmol·L^-1) on the growth, photosynthetic rate, antioxidant enzyme activities,osmoregulatory substances, ion distribution, the transcriptional expression of aquaporins and Na^+/H^+ reverse transporters. [Result] The growth of R. pseudoacacia was inhibited under NaCl stress, with the decreases of relative water content, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthesis parameters of leaves, and the increase of the water use efficiency and stomatal limit value. The MDA content, antioxidant enzyme activities(CAT, APX and GR) and osmotic regulatory substance(free proline, amino acids and soluble protein) increased in roots and leaves of R.pseudoacacia under NaCl stress. Also, the ion equilibrium of Na^+, K^+ and Mg^2+ in roots and leaves of R. pseudoacacia changed, but there was no significant difference in the content of Ca^2+ in roots and leaves under different NaCl concentrations. NaCl stress induced the transcription and expression of the aquaporin gene(TIP1;1, PIP1;1 and PIP2;1) in roots, aquaporin gene(TIP1;1 and PIP1;1) in leaves and Na^+/H^+ antiporter gene NHX1 in roots and leaves of R. pseudoacacia. [Conclusion] R. pseudoacacia can improve the salt adaptability by increasing leaf water use efficiency, synthesizing and accumulating antioxidant enzymes and osmotic adjustment substances, and inducing transcriptional expression of related genes.

关 键 词：刺槐 胁迫 生理代谢 离子状态 水通道蛋白 

分 类 号：S432.2[农业科学—植物病理学] S687.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]