2种早竹造瘿害虫植物源诱控技术  

Plant Volatiles-based Attract-and-kill Technology Against Two Species of Gall-inducing Pests on Phyllostachys praecox

作　　者：耿显胜[1] 舒金平[1] 张威[1] 石坚 GENG Xian-sheng;SHU Jin-ping;ZHANG wei;SHI Jian(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Station of Forest Disease and Pest Control and Quarantine of Deqing County,Zhejiang Province,Deqing 313200,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [2]浙江省德清县森林病虫防治检疫站,浙江德清313200

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2020年第4期184-190,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目公益技术应用研究类(2017C32055)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选刚竹泰广肩小蜂和竹泰广肩小蜂植物源引诱剂,优化影响诱捕效果的因素,为2种早竹造瘿害虫植物源诱控技术的应用提供技术支撑。[方法]采用林间生物测定法比较7种候选引诱剂的引诱效果,比较3种悬挂高度和5种诱捕器类型对诱捕效果的影响,并监测刚竹泰广肩小蜂和竹泰广肩小蜂林间的种群动态。[结果]水杨酸甲酯原液、顺-3-己烯-1-醇原液和反-2-己烯醛1000倍液作为引诱剂的诱捕器诱捕刚竹泰广肩小蜂数量分别为154.40±129.04、35.20±35.75、24.00±20.30头,显著高于对照组诱捕器的诱虫量(P<0.05)。反-2-己烯醛1000倍液、顺-3-己烯-1-醇10000倍液和β-紫罗兰酮1000倍液作为引诱剂的诱捕器诱捕竹泰广肩小蜂数量分别为29.50±28.43、25.67±16.26、20.25±3.95头,显著高于对照组诱捕器的诱虫量(P<0.05)。冠层的上层和中层诱捕造瘿害虫的数量显著多于冠层的下层(P<0.05),而冠层的上层和中层诱捕造瘿害虫的数量差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同类型诱捕器诱捕造瘿害虫的数量差异显著(P<0.05),小船型诱捕器的诱虫量显著多于三角形诱捕器的诱虫量(P<0.05),而三角形诱捕器的诱虫量显著多于桶型诱捕器(P<0.05)、实蝇诱捕器(P<0.05)和夜蛾诱捕器的诱虫量(P<0.05)。[结论]4月下旬到5月上旬,使用水杨酸甲酯与顺-3-己烯-1-醇30:1比例的混合物作为引诱剂,在早竹冠层的中层或上层悬挂小船型诱捕器,能够诱捕到更多的刚竹泰广肩小蜂和竹泰广肩小蜂。[Objective] To develop a plant volatiles-based attracticide against Tetramesa phyllostrachitis and T. bambusae, and to optimize the factors affecting the efficiency of trapping. [Method] The attractiveness of 7 candidate attractants were assessed, the effects of different heights and trap types on the efficiency of trapping were compared,and the population dynamics of the 2 species of pests in Phyllostachys praecox forest were monitored. [Result] The amount of T. phyllostrachitis trapped by methyl salicylate, cis-3-hexen-1-ol and 1 000 times dilution of trans-2-hexenal were 154.40±129.04, 35.20±35.75 and 24.00±20.30, respectively, which were significantly more than that of the control group(P<0.05). The amount of T. bambusae trapped by 1 000 times dilution of trans-2-hexenal, 10 000 times dilution of cis-3-hexen-1-ol and 1 000 times dilution of β-ionone were 29.50±28.43, 25.67±16.26 and 20.25±3.95, respectively, which were significantly more than that of the control group(P<0.05). The amount of gall-inducing pests trapped in the upper and medium layers of the canopy were significantly more than that in the lower layers of the canopy(P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the amount of gall-inducing pests trapped in the upper and medium layers of the canopy(P>0.05). The amount of gall-inducing pests trapped by different types of trap had significantly different(P<0.05), the wing traps caught more pest than delta traps(P<0.05), while delta traps caught more than bucket traps(P<0.05), fly traps(P<0.05) and moth traps(P<0.05). [Conclusion] From late April to early May, more T. phyllostrachitis and T. bambusae can be trapped by wing traps, when the traps are suspended in the middle or upper layers of canopy, and the mixture of methyl salicylate and cis-3-hexen-1-ol at a ratio of 30:1 is used as attractant.

关 键 词：造瘿害虫 早竹 挥发物 引诱剂 诱捕器 

分 类 号：S763.3[农业科学—森林保护学]