济南市室内外空气PM2.5关系及影响因素  

Relationship between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 in Ji’nan and influencing factors

作　　者：沈玉 万春 高莹 蒋士新 阮师漫[6] 孔凡玲[7] 刘守钦[6] 周敬文[6] 崔亮亮[6] 周慧婵 李湉湉[2] 唐宋 杜艳君[2] 刘园园 董皓冉 邓富昌 张迎建 方建龙[2] 张训保 SHEN Yu;WAN Chun;GAO Ying;JIANG Shi-xin;RUAN Shi-man;KONG Fan-ling;LIU Shou-qin;ZHOU Jing-wen;CUI Liang-liang;ZHOU Hui-chan;LI Tian-tian;TANG Song;DU Yan-jun;LIU Yuan-yuan;DONG Hao-ran;DENG Fu-chang;ZHANG Ying-jian;FANG Jian-long;ZHANG Xun-bao(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221004,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,江苏徐州221004 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所 [3]江西井冈山国家级自然保护区管理局 [4]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院 [5]济南市安康医院 [6]济南市疾病预防控制中心 [7]山东省疾病预防控制中心 [8]北京大学环境科学与工程学院 [9]西南大学生物技术学院

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2019年第11期941-946,共6页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：生态环境部大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG0401)。

摘　　要：目的了解普通居民室内外PM2.5污染情况,探讨室内外PM2.5关系及影响室内PM2.5浓度的因素。方法于2018年9月—2019年1月从济南市历下区甸柳社区选择49户普通居民住宅采用RPPM2.5系统监测3 d室内PM2.5浓度、温度和相对湿度,通过调查问卷收集监测期间室内人员窗户开关、烹饪、空气净化器使用等信息。每次调查的时间间隔为30 d,共开展5次调查。从距离调查点位最近的环保监测站和气象监测站获取同期的室外空气PM2.5浓度以及环境温度、相对湿度,利用混合效应模型分析室内PM2.5浓度的影响因素。结果2018年9月—2019年1月的5次调查显示室内PM2.5浓度的几何均数分别为64.96、38.29、57.4、50.39和59.60μg/m^3,室外空气PM2.5浓度几何均数分别为40.21、34.65、58.60、67.89和83.14μg/m^3,室内外PM2.5浓度呈正相关(rs=0.41,P<0.001)。秋季室内外PM2.5浓度比值(I/O)为1.17(P25~P75:0.96~1.55),冬季I/O值为0.77(P25~P75:0.54~0.93),秋季I/O值明显高于冬季。混合效应模型分析结果显示,室外空气PM2.5浓度(β=2.84×10^-3,P<0.001)、室内外相对湿度差绝对值(β=-0.02,P<0.001)、室外风速(β=-0.87,P<0.001)、空气净化器使用(β=-0.14,P=0.04)和室内除尘(β=0.19,P<0.001)是影响室内PM2.5水平的重要因素。混合效应模型的边际R^2(R^m2)为0.55。结论济南市普通居民住宅室内外PM2.5浓度关系在秋季和冬季存在明显的季节性差别,室外空气PM2.5浓度、室内外相对湿度差绝对值、室外风速、空气净化器使用和室内除尘是影响室内PM2.5浓度的重要因素。Objective To understand the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 pollution of ordinary residences,and to explore the relationship between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 and the factors affecting indoor PM2.5 concentration.Methods A total of 49 ordinary residential houses were selected from the Dianliu community in Lixia district,Ji’nan.From September 2018 to January 2019,the RPPM2.5 system was used to monitor the indoor PM2.5 concentration and temperature and humidity for three days.Daily information such as window switches,cooking and use of air purifiers during the monitoring period were collected by questionnaire.The time interval between each survey was 30 days,and a total of five surveys were conducted.The outdoor PM2.5 concentration and ambient temperature and humidity were obtained from the environmental monitoring stations and meteorological monitoring stations closest to the survey site.The mixed effect model was used to analyze influencing factors of indoor PM2.5 concentration.Results The geometric mean of indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the five surveys from September 2018 to January 2019 were 64.96,38.29,57.4,50.39 and 59.60μg/m^3 respectively,and the geometric mean of outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were 40.21,34.65,58.60,67.89 and 83.14μg/m^3 respectively.There was a positive correlation between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations(rs=0.41,P<0.001).The indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration ratio(I/O)was 1.17(P25-P75:0.96-1.55)in autumn,and I/O was 0.77(P25-P75:0.54-0.93)in winter.The I/O value in autumn was significantly higher than in winter.The results of mixed effect model showed that the outdoor PM2.5 concentration(β=2.84×10^-3,P<0.001),absolute value of relative humidity difference(β=-0.02,P<0.001),wind speed(β=-0.87,P<0.001),use of air purifier(β=-0.14,P=0.04)and indoor dust removal(β=0.19,P<0.001)were important factors affecting indoor PM2.5 levels.The marginal R^2(R^m2)of the mixed effect model was 0.55.Conclusion There is a significant seasonal difference(autumn and winter)in relationship between i

关 键 词：空气污染 PM2.5 I/O 影响因素 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]