静电场处理对菠菜种子萌发及苗期生长的影响  

Effects of Electrostatic Field Treatment on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Spinach

作　　者：徐佳楠 王全华 葛晨辉 张玖漪 王小丽 XU Jianan;WANG Quanhua;GE Chenhui;ZHANG Jiuyi;WANG Xiaoli(College of Life and Environment Sciences,Shanghai Normal University/Collaborative Innovation Center for Plant Germplasm Resources Development,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命科学学院,植物种质资源开发协同创新中心,上海200234

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第14期1-7,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(31601744);上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心资助项目(17DZ2252700)。

摘　　要：以菠菜种子为试材,采用7个化学处理与9个不同频率的静电场处理,比较了不同催芽处理方法对菠菜新、陈种子萌发和苗期生长的影响。结果表明:与对照组(蒸馏水浸种15 min)相比,静电场50 kV/5 cm×20 s处理显著提高了菠菜新种子的发芽势、发芽率和萌发指数,分别为对照组的3.11、2.00、2.21倍;50 kV/5 cm×10 s处理的陈种子发芽势、发芽率和萌发指数最高,50 kV/5 cm×20s处理的陈种子发芽率与T13处理无显著差异。各处理的菠菜新种子幼苗叶宽、叶片长、叶柄长、株高无显著差异,地上部分鲜质量在4个静电场处理(50 kV/5 cm×5 s、50 kV/5 cm×10 s、50 kV/5 cm×20 s、100 kV/5 cm×20 s)和5个化学处理(0.1 g·L^-1赤霉素GA、100 mg·L^-1聚乙二醇8000、25 g·L^-1氯化胆碱、1%硼酸、0.1%硝酸钾)下显著高于对照,且相互间差异不显著(除100 mg·L^-1聚乙二醇8000外);静电场处理的菠菜陈种子幼苗叶宽、叶片长(除25 kV/5 cm×5 s)、叶柄长、株高、根长、生物量与化学处理(0.1 g·L^-1GA和50%H2SO4)相当。综上,静电场处理可以促进菠菜新、陈种子的萌发及苗期生长,50 kV/5 cm×20 s、50 kV/5 cm×10 s可分别作为菠菜新、陈种子适宜的静电场处理参数。Taking the seedlings of spinach as materials.To investigate the effect of electrostatic field on seed germination and seedling growth of spinach,seven chemicals treatments and nine different intensity of electrostatic field treatments were set up with the distilled water treatment as control.The results showed that,the electrostatic field treatment(50 kV/5 cm×20 s)significantly increased the germination potential,germination rates and germination indexes of new spinach seeds,with 3.11,2.00,2.21 times higher than those of the control group,respectively.While for the aged seeds,the highest germination potential,germination rates and germination indexes were found in 50 kV/5 cm×10 s treatment.And the germination rate in 50 kV/5 cm×20 s treatment was as high as that in the 50 kV/5 cm×10 s treatment.For the seedlings from new seeds,their leaf widths,leaf lengths,petiole lengths and plant heights showed no differences between each treatment,while their shoot fresh weights were found obviously increased under four different electrostatic field intensity(50 kV/5 cm×5 s,50 kV/5 cm×10 s,50 kV/5 cm×20 s,100 kV/5 cm×20 s)and five chemical treatments(0.1 g·L^-1 GA,100 mg·L^-1 PEG 8000,25 g·L^-1 choline chloride,1%boric acid,0.1%KNO3).No difference of shoot fresh weight was found between these nine treatments,except 100 mg·L^-1 PEG 8000 treatment.For the seedlings from aged seeds,their blade weights,blade lengths,petiole lengths,plant heights,root lengths and shoot fresh weights under six electrostatic field intensity(25 kV/5 cm×5 s,25 kV/5 cm×20 s,50 kV/5 cm×10 s,50 kV/5 cm×20 s,75 kV/5 cm×20 s,100 kV/5 cm×20 s)treatments were similar to those under 0.1 g·L^-1 GA and 50%H2SO4 treatments.All these showed that electrostatic field can improve spinach seed germination and seedling growth.Two values of electrostatic field intensity 50 kV/5 cm×20 s and 50 kV/5 cm×10 s can be used for new and aged seeds germination respectively.

关 键 词：菠菜 静电场 发芽 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]