四川茄子对绵疫病菌Phytophthora capsici的抗性鉴定与评价  

Sichuan's Eggplant Resistance to Phytophthora Blight Pathogen of Phytophthora capsici

作　　者：席亚东[1,2] 乔昕 房超 吴婕 韩帅[1,2] 张河庆[1,2] XI Yadong;QIAO Xin;FANG Chao;WU Jie;HAN Shuai;ZHANG Heqing(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest,Ministry of Agriculture,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066;Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066;Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]蔬菜品种改良与种质创新四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [3]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第14期8-17,共10页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：四川省财政专项资金资助项目(2017CYTS-018);四川省科技计划资助项目(2016NYZ0053-1-7);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0201210);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川蔬菜创新团队专项资金资助项目(2019-2023);蔬菜品种改良与种质创新四川省重点实验室专项基金资助项目(sczds2019-1)。

摘　　要：绵疫病是近5年四川茄子田间和储藏期最具毁灭性的病害,其病原菌Phytophthora capsici对植株和果实均具强致病性。以四川省市售的48个商品种为靶标,研究其对绵疫病主要病原菌Phytophthora capsici的抗性鉴定和评价。结果表明:排除5号("世纪骄子")和47号("龙F1")出苗差外,实际参鉴的46个品种中,不同品种茄子植株在接种7 d后的病情指数最高为96.51("阳春三月茄"),最低为12.09("竹丝茄");聚类分析中,"春秋墨茄"和"竹丝茄"的病株率和病情指数均聚在一起,室内植株抗性表现为中抗,其它2个品种表现为感病、42个品种表现为高感;对46个品种的病情指数和病株率的Kmeans线图进行分析,可分为6类不同发生发展模式,病情指数的Kmeans线图相比病株率的Kmeans图更具规律性和代表性,其中Cluster4类群(包含"春秋墨茄"和"竹丝茄")的植株病情指数Kmeans线图可作为后续筛选抗性品种的模式图。对46个品种的果实进行接种和抗病性鉴定,结果表明46个品种的果实均高感茄子绵疫病菌Phytophthora capsici,未发现果实抗病的品种,包括对植株具有中抗水平的"春秋墨茄"和"竹丝茄",果实均高感由Phytophthora capsici引起的茄子绵疫病。"春秋墨茄"和"竹丝茄"植株对Phytophthora capsici具有一定抗性,而果实却表现高感,可作为后续抗性的组织特异性深入研究。Phytophthora blight is the most destructive diseases in recently five years in Sichuan fields and storage periods,and pathogen Phytophthora capsici have the strong pathogenicity on plants and fruits of eggplant of China.Forty-eight varieties of eggplant were used to identify the resistance of phytophthora blight,but two of them were excluded owing to bad germinating.The results showed that,in practical trials,only 46 varieties used in experiments.Diseases indexes of plants showed in different varieties,the highest of it was 96.51 on variety’Yangchunsanyue’and the lowest was 12.09 for variety’Zhusi’eggplant.The varieties’Chunqiumoqie’and’Zhusi’eggplant were all gathered together in identical cluster by clustering analysis respectively for the disease indexes and disease plant rates.For the plant resistance,two of them all showed moderate resistance to Phytophthora capsici,the other two varieties susceptible,and the remaining 42 varieties high susceptible.Analysis of Kmeans charts of diseases indexes and diseased plant rates,46 varieties could classify into six kinds of occurrence and development.The disease index was more suitable for evaluate the eggplant variety resistant to Phytophthora capsici in the sides of disciplinary and representativeness.In six classified Clusters,the Cluster4 possessed the varieties’Chunqiumoqie’and’Zhusi’eggplant represent the resistant plant groups,in which their Kmeans chart could be used the model pattern to select the resistant varieties in the future.The fruit of eggplant trials were carried out used to verificate of resistance results in plants.The results showed that the fruits of all varieties were highly susceptible to Phytophthora capsici including the varieties’Chunqiumoqie’and’Zhusi’eggplant,even though,showed the moderate resistance on the plant of eggplant.The differential resistance results on different organs of one plant,that are varieties’Chunqiumoqie’and’Zhusi’eggplant,should be intensive studied to elucidate the mechanism in

关 键 词：茄子 茄子绵疫病 辣椒疫霉菌 组织器官抗病特异性 抗病性 

分 类 号：S436.411[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]