基于多准则决策的驾驶适宜性评价方法  

Evaluation method of the driving suitability based on the multi-criteria decision-making

作　　者：雷亚楠 陈志高 田顺[3] 蒋仁言[1] LEI Yanan;CHEN Zhigao;TIAN Shun;JIANG Renyan(College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;School of Mathematic and Statistics, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;School of Automobile, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院,长沙410114 [2]长沙理工大学数学与统计学院,长沙410114 [3]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2020年第8期921-927,共7页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71771029)。

摘　　要：驾驶适宜性评价多采用定性、模糊评价方法,缺少定量评价方法。为量化驾驶员驾驶适宜性,提出一个新的综合评价方法。运用改进的logistic函数将各指标进行标准化处理,使每项指标准则分的均值都固定为常数;利用比例的方式制定权重,使权重更加稳健;合成模型采用加权几何平均模型,以减少指标间的补偿性。通过以上方式对驾驶适宜性评价方法进行改进,达到了定量和优化的目的。最后,以44组驾驶适宜性检测数据为例,完成案例研究,并采用信噪比优化方法对驾驶适宜性进行等级划分,验证该方法的有效性。对比分析结果表明,新方法的事故次数与综合得分的相关系数为0.5002,主成分分析法为0.3388,新方法的精确度优于主成分分析法。Qualitative and fuzzy evaluation methods are often used in driving suitability evaluation,and there is a lack of quantitative evaluation methods.In order to quantify the driving suitability of drivers,a new comprehensive evaluation method is proposed.The improved logistic function was used to standardize each index so that the mean value of each index criterion score was fixed as a constant;the weight was determined by proportion to make the weight more robust;and the weighted arithmetic average model was used in the synthesis model to reduce the compensation between indicators.Through the above methods,the driving suitability evaluation method was improved to achieve the purpose of quantification and optimization.Finally,forty-four groups of driving suitability test data were taken as an example to complete the case study,and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)optimization method was used to grade the driving suitability to verify the effectiveness of the method.The results of comparative analysis show that the correlation coefficient between the number of accidents and the comprehensive score of the new method is 0.5002,and that of the principal component analysis is 0.3388.The accuracy of the new method is better than that of the principal component analysis.

关 键 词：驾驶适宜性 多准则决策 定量评价 主成分分析 信噪比 

分 类 号：U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]