腓动脉皮支链皮瓣的应用解剖  

Applied anatomy of cutaneous branches-chain flap of the peroneal artery

作　　者：汪坤菊[1] 石小田[1] 丁自海[2] 秦将均[3] 邱勋永[4] Wang Kunju;Shi Xiaotian;Ding Zihai;Qin Jiangjun;Qiu Xunyong(Department of Anatomy,Hainan Medical College,Haikou 570102;Institute of Minimally Invasive Surgery Anatomy,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515;Department of Radiology,Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province,Sanya 572000;Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College,Haikou 570311,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院解剖学教研室,海口570102 [2]南方医科大学微创外科解剖学研究所,广州510515 [3]海南省第三人民医院放射科,三亚572000 [4]海南医学院直属附属医院微创外科,海口570311

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2020年第4期309-312,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(818MS069)。

摘　　要：目的:为腓动脉皮支链皮瓣的切取提供解剖学数据。方法:新鲜男尸正常下肢标本进行显微解剖,观测腓动脉皮支的数量、直径、蒂长、穿出点的相对距离,血管吻合链的位置;观测铸型标本的腓动脉皮支;观测聚乙烯醇-氧化铋灌注标本X线血管造影腓动脉皮支的吻合情况。结果:每侧标本的腓动脉共发出皮支(5.8±0.8)条,直径(0.9±0.1)mm。腓动脉发出的皮支在前后面(前后面以腓骨小头与外踝连线为长轴划分)分布无差异。以腓骨头与外踝连线为标准距离[100%,(34.9±0.3)cm],腓动脉远段皮支血管丛聚集点在(30.7±1.2)%的位置,约小腿远端1/3处位置,包含皮支(2.8±1.2)条;近段皮支血管丛聚集点在(78.7±1.3)%位置,约小腿近端1/5位置,包含皮支(3.3±0.8)条;远、近2段皮支的直径差异无统计学意义,蒂长差异无统计学意义。结论:相邻皮支间吻合形成与腓动脉平行走行的血管链。了解腓动脉皮支的特点和分布规律,为以腓动脉皮支为蒂的皮支链皮瓣的设计提供解剖学基础。Objective:To provide anatomical data for harvesting pedicle or free cutaneous branches-chain flaps of the peroneal artery.Methods:Normal lower limb specimens from fresh male cadavers were anatomized under microscope.The number,diameter,pedicle length,relative distance of the perforating point and the position of the vascular anastomosis chain of the cutaneous branches of the peroneal artery were observed.The cutaneous branches of the peroneal artery were observed in 5 cast specimens.The anastomosis of the cutaneous branches of the peroneal artery was observed in 5 cases by using polyvinyl bismuth oxide perfusion standard X-ray angiography.Results:There were(5.8±0.8)cutaneous branches raised from the peroneal artery.The diameter of cutaneous branches was(0.9±0.1)mm.There was no significant difference in the distribution of the cutaneous branches from the peroneal artery between the anterior and posterior sides.The distance between the fibula head and lateral malleolus was[100%,(34.9±0.3)cm],the aggregation point of the distal cutaneous branch of fibula artery was(30.7±1.2)%,about 1/3 of the distal leg,including(2.8±1.2)branches of cutaneous branch;the aggregation point of the proximal cutaneous branch was(78.7±1.3)%,about 1/5 of the proximal leg,including(3.3±0.8)branches of cutaneous branch;the difference of the diameter of the distal and proximal cutaneous branches was statistically significant.There was no significant difference in pedicle length.Conclusion:The adjacent cutaneous branches anastomosed to form a vascular chain parallel to the peroneal artery.Exploring the characteristics and distribution of the cutaneous branches of the peroneal artery can provide anatomical basis for the design of the flap pedicled with the cutaneous branches of the peroneal artery.

关 键 词：腓动脉 皮支链皮瓣 应用解剖 组织修复 小腿 足 

分 类 号：R658.3[医药卫生—外科学] R323.72[医药卫生—临床医学]