附着在不同微塑料表面的藻类结构与群落组成  

Structure and community composition of algae attached to different microplastic substrates.

作　　者：李晨曦 高雨萱 张佳祺 徐柳璇 刘智临 苗令占 侯俊[1,2] LI Chen-xi;GAO Yu-xuan;ZHANG Jia-qi;XU Liu-xuan;LIU Zhi-lin;MIAO Ling-zhan;HOU Jun(Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2020年第8期3360-3366,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979075);河海大学大学生创新训练项目(201910294025Z)。

摘　　要：选取水环境中常见的4种微塑料介质(聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET))和一种自然介质(鹅卵石)进行野外生物膜的培养,以探究不同类型介质表面附着的生物膜的表观结构和藻类群落组成的差异特征.结果表明,鹅卵石与微塑料介质上的生物膜的形貌结构及藻类含量与组成特性均存在一定差异:在微塑料介质表面附着的藻类叶绿素a浓度普遍低于自然介质.实验进一步发现,不同的微塑料类型同样会对生物膜藻类含量以及功能特性存在一定影响:PET片上附着的藻类叶绿素a浓度最高(613.7μg/L),PP片上最低(492.5μg/L);然而,PP片上藻类的光合作用最大量子产量最高(0.443).以上结论说明微塑料会改变附着藻类的生长情况和初级生产力,进而可能影响生物膜在水体中的碳循环过程,对水体净化及污染治理产生一定影响.To investigate the structure of biofilms and community composition of algae attached to the surface of common microplastic substrates,four types of microplastics(polypropylene(PP),polyvinyl chloride(PVC),polyethylene(PE),polyethylene terephthalate(PET)and a natural substrate(cobblestone)were selected to conduct field incubation of biofilms.The result showed that the morphology and structure of the biofilms were different between cobblestones and microplastic substrates,as well as in the contents and composition of algae.The chlorophyll-a contents in algae attached to the microplastic substrates were generally lower than those in natural substrate.Moreover,different algae content and functional characteristics were also observed from thefour microplastics.The highest chlorophyll-a content of algae was observed on PET substrate(613.7μg/L)and the lowest on PP substrate(492.5μg/L),although the maximal quantum yield of algae on PP substrate was the highest(0.443).These results suggested that the microplastic substrates could influence the growth and primary production of periphytic algae,which might further affect the microbial-associated carbon cycling in aquatic systems,water purification,and pollution treatment.

关 键 词：微塑料 生物膜 附着藻类 叶绿素A含量 最大量子产量 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]