高压气体绝缘输电设备用功能梯度材料研究进展  

Research Progress on Functionally Graded Materials for High Voltage Gas Insulated Transmission Apparatus

作　　者：李进 王泽华 陈允 崔博源 梁虎成 杜伯学 LI Jin;WANG Zehua;CHEN Yun;CUI Boyuan;LIANG Hucheng;DU Boxue(School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Grid Tianjin Power Chengnan Power Supply Branch,Tianjin 300202,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院,天津300072 [2]国网天津市电力公司城南供电公司,天津300202 [3]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《高电压技术》2020年第7期2471-2477,共7页High Voltage Engineering

摘　　要：环氧树脂绝缘子作为高压气体绝缘输电设备的关键部件,其沿面电场分布的均匀度直接影响整个设备乃至电力系统的绝缘水平。为此在传统功能梯度绝缘子研究基础上,提出利用表层功能梯度材料(surface functionally gradedmaterials,SFGM)绝缘子来调控气固界面电场分布,达到提升气固绝缘系统耐电强度的目的。首先对FGM绝缘子的经典制备工艺(如离心法、3D打印和柔性浇注)及其电场调控效果进行简要汇总,然后重点介绍了应用于交直流系统的SFGM绝缘子的工作原理、制备工艺和电场调控效果。利用梯度磁控溅射、梯度氟化、涂覆和离心的手段在绝缘子表层构造介电参数梯度分布,相比于FGM绝缘子,SFGM绝缘子无需改变绝缘子原有的生产工艺和机械性能,方便构造任意表层介电梯度分布。在未来特高压输电工程中,SFGM绝缘子可以进一步提高气体绝缘输电设备的可靠性,且实现推广应用所需的成本更低。Epoxy insulators,as the main insulation components,play a significant role in high-voltage gas insulated transmission apparatuses,whose insulation performances are directly related to the electric field distributions along insulator surfaces.Based on the traditional researches on functionally graded insulator,the surface functionally graded material(SFGM)insulator was proposed to regulate the electric field distribution along the insulator surface and to improve the insulation performance of the gas-solid insulation system.Moreover,the fabrication techniques(i.e.centrifugation,3 D printing and flexible casting)and the regulation effects of classical FGM insulators as well as the principle,fabrication techniques and electric field regulation effects of SFGM insulators,were introduced.Graded sputtering,graded fluorination,dip coating and centrifugation techniques were used to achieve functionally graded distributions of permittivity and conductivity on the surfaces of insulators.Compared with the conventional insulators,the fabrication techniques and the mechanical properties of the SFGM insulators are almost unchanged.In the future,SFGM insulators can be used to improve the reliability of ultra-high voltage power transmission systems with much less cost than that of FGM insulators.

关 键 词：高压气体绝缘输电设备 环氧绝缘子 沿面闪络 功能梯度材料 电场调控 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]