污水厂出水中溶解性微生物代谢产物的产生及影响  

Production and Effect of Soluble Microbial Product( SMP ) in Effluent of Wastewater Treatment Plant

作　　者：郝晓地[1] 叶嘉洲 刘然彬 李季[1] HAO Xiao-di;YE Jia-zhou;LIU Ran-bin;LI Ji(Sino-Dutch R&D Cente for Future Wastervater Treatment Technologies,Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Enironment,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室中-荷污水处理技术研发中心,北京100044

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2020年第12期37-44,共8页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878022);北京“未来城市设计高精尖中心”项目(2020)。

摘　　要：污水生物处理二级出水中,最高时有近一半有机物来源于内源溶解性微生物代谢产物(SMP),分别是外源底物代谢形成的底物利用相关产物(UAP)、胞外聚合物(EPS)水解形成的微生物相关产物(BAP)以及细胞裂解物。因SMP成分复杂且与天然有机物(NOM)具有相似结构,导致它们难以定量表征,目前仅可通过数学模型预测其大致含量。SMP本身具有致微生物突变潜在生物毒性,进入水体后长时间因光降解以及微生物再代谢而会产生消毒副产物(DBPs)前驱物。因此,很多学者对出水SMP控制进行了研究。其中,控制污水处理工艺适宜的污泥龄(SRT)与有机负荷(OLR)最为有效,低碳源污水辅助反硝化除磷工艺降低出水SMP含量效果最为明显。从控制黑臭水体耗氧物质角度,没有必要一味降低出水COD,只需要严格控制BOD5与NH4+。当需要考虑中水回用安全性时,采用活性炭吸附过滤池方式便可实现对SMP的有效去除。Nearly half of the organic matters in secondary effluent from biological wastewater treatment come from autochthonous soluble microbial product( SMP),which consists of utilization associated product( UAP) from exogenous substrate metabolism,biomass associated product( BAP) from extracellular polymer substances( EPS) hydrolysis and cell lysates.Due to the similar structure to natural organic matter( NOM) and its complicated composition,SMP is difficult to be quantitatively expressed and so its content could only be roughly predicted by some mathematical models.SMP has a potential biotoxicity,which might cause microbial mutation and becomes the precursors of disinfection by-products( DBPs) due to photodegradation and microbial subsequent metabolism for long-term retention in receiving waters.Therefore,monitoring SMP has led to many academic studies.Among them,controlling the optimum sludge retention time( SRT) and organic load rate( OLR) are the most effective methods,and municipal wastewater with low carbon source along could reduce SMP to a large extent in denitrifying phosphorus removal processes.From the viewpoint of controlling oxygen consumption of black and smelly water,it is not necessary to blindly reduce effluent COD,but only to strictly control BOD5 and NH4+.Activated carbon adsorption plus filtration can effectively remove SMP when the safety of reclaimed water reuse is considered.

关 键 词：二级处理出水 溶解性微生物代谢产物 生物毒性 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]