美国地方政务新媒体在危机传播中的应用启示——基于飓风“佛罗伦斯”期间政务推特信息的实证分析  

The Application of New Media of Local Government Affairs in Crisis Communication in the United States: Empirical Analysis Based on Government Twitter Messages During Hurricane Florence

作　　者：杜明曦 侯迎忠[1] Du Mingxi;Hou Yingzhong

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《新媒体与社会》2020年第1期365-383,共19页New Media and Society

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划2018年度项目“改革开放四十年来广东新闻发布制度建设与机制创新研究”(项目编号:GD18CXW02)。

摘　　要：政务新媒体为地方政府在危机传播中进行信息发布、开展对话提供了技术支撑,在新型政民关系的建构中发挥着桥梁作用。本文对美国北卡罗来纳州政府相关部门在飓风"佛罗伦斯"期间的2121条推文与1776条有效评论所展现的信息与对话进行内容与文本分析,发现美国地方政府已经具备应用政务新媒体进行对话的意识,应急信息展示量大,能够及时进行危情预警,提供公共信息,帮助公众了解灾情。信息话语注重平等尊重,积极引导公众应对自然灾害,邀请公众共同参与减灾救灾。但政务新媒体的对话潜力仍未被充分挖掘,对话伦理的有效性、对话回路的畅通性、对话需求与关注点以及对话效果有待改善。基于此,本文认为地方政府应深谙对话法则,了解新媒体的功能特征,维护对话基础,把握对话时机,增加对话回路,调动对话参与者以及完善对话策略,以形成多元对话、民主协商的政务新媒体沟通机制,为全媒体时代现代化社会治理提供借鉴。The new media of government affairs provides the technical support for the local government to release information and carry out dialogue in the crisis communication,and plays a role as a bridge in the construction of the new relationship between government and people.This paper analyzes the content and text of 2121 tweets and 1776 valid comments from relevant government departments in north Carolina during hurricane Florence,found that the local government has applied e-government new media dialogue awareness,large amount of emergency information display,can carry on the crisis early warning,timely provision of public information,help the public understanding of the situation.Information discourse pays attention to equality and respect,actively guides the public to deal with natural disasters,and invites the public to participate in disaster reduction and relief.However,the dialogue potential of new media in government affairs has not been fully tapped,and the effectiveness of dialogue ethics,the openness of dialogue loop,dialogue needs and concerns,and dialogue effect need to be improved.Based on this,the paper think the local government should be capable of conversation rule,understand the characteristics of new media functions,maintain dialogue foundation,grasp the dialogue time,increase dialogue loop,mobilize dialogue participants and improve dialogue strategy.A new media communication mechanism of government affairs featuring diversified dialogue and democratic consultation will be formed to provide reference for the modern social governance in the Omni-media era.

关 键 词：政务新媒体 危机传播管理 信息发布 公共传播 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学] G206[政治法律—中外政治制度]