基于微卫星亲权鉴定对钱塘江中下游三角鲂增殖放流效果的研究  

Study on Enhancement and Releasing Effect of Triangular Bream(Megalobrama terminalis)in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Qiantang River by Microsatellite Paternity Testing

作　　者：张敏莹[1] 王邢艳 张婉平 童奇烈 方弟安[1] 周彦锋[1] 徐东坡[1] ZHANG Min-Ying;WANG Xing-Yan;ZHANG Wan-Ping;TONG Qi-Lie;FANG Di-An;ZHOU Yan-Feng;XU Dong-Po(Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaris/Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;College of Fisheries,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Hangzhou City Supervision and Management Chief Station of Fishery Administration,Fishing Port and Fishing Boat,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,无锡214081 [2]南京农业大学渔业学院,无锡214081 [3]杭州市渔政渔港渔船监督管理总站,杭州310008

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2020年第7期1260-1268,共9页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台建设运行项目"国家水产种质资源共享服务平台"(2019DKA30470);钱塘江鱼类增殖放流效益评估项目(CTZB-F170543IWZ-ZZZ)。

摘　　要：三角鲂(Megalobrama terminalis)经济价值高,是我国重点提倡大水面增养殖的优良品种,也是钱塘江流域重要的渔获种类。近年由于过度捕捞、环境破坏、水域污染、水工建设和运输等原因,其天然资源衰退严重。本研究基于微卫星标记的亲权鉴定技术,选用12对扩增效果好的微卫星荧光标记引物,对来自4个良种场的301尾亲本和371尾回捕三角鲂个体进行了基因分型和多态性分析。研究结果表明,各位点等位基因数为15~68,观测杂合度为0.244~1.00(平均值为0.757),期望杂合度为0.726~0.969(平均值为0.863),12个位点均表现为高度多态性(PIC>0.5),多态信息含量为0.693~0.967(平均值为0.849)。其中有4个微卫星位点的无效等位基因频率大于0.2,为避免影响模拟亲子鉴定分析,其数据不参加后续软件分析。统计得出8个微卫星座位累计亲权排除率为99.9975%。亲子鉴定结果表明,在371尾回捕三角鲂中有4尾与亲本之间存在亲子关系,被确认来源于三角鲂增殖放流群体,由此推算出放流群体对自然资源的贡献率为1.08%。本研究结果对钱塘江三角鲂资源保护和指导其科学增殖放流具有重要意义。As growing quickly,big body size and delicious,triangular bream(Megalobrama terminalis)is an important economic fish,which is suggested to breed in open water in China.It is also an important catch species in Qiantang River Basin.However,M.terminalis resources have reduced recently,due to overfishing,environmental damage,water pollution,construction of water conservancy and transportation and so on.Restocking enhancement is considered as an effective method to recover the wild resources.However,there was rarely report on the effect of restocking enhancement of M.terminalis.In order to analyze the effect of restocking enhancement of M.terminalis,12 pairs of microsatellites primers with good amplification effect were selected from 31 pairs of microsatellite primers in this study.Based on the microsatellite marker paternity test technique,genetic typing and polymorphism analysis were carried out on 301 parents from 4 breeding farms and 371 recaptured offspring individuals.The results showed that the number of alleles of microsatellite marker ranged from 15 to 68,and the expected heterozygosity was 0.726~0.969(mean 0.863).The range of polymorphism information content was 0.693~0.967(mean 0.849)and all 12 loci were high polymorphic(PIC>0.5).Among them,the frequency of invalid alleles of 4 microsatellite loci was greater than 0.2,which would affect the paternity analysis by software,so the data of the 4 loci were not used in following analysis.The parentage assignment for the situation of unknown sexes showed the combined non-exclusion probability of 8 loci was 99.9975%,according to Cervus 3.0.The results showed that there were 4 recaptured individuals from offspring of brood stocks.The study suggested that the contribution of the released populations to nature resources of M.terminalis was 1.08%in 2018.This study discussed the enhancement and releasing effect of M.terminalis,which has great significance in protecting the resources and guiding the scientific breeding and releasing of M.terminalis in the Qiantang river

关 键 词：三角鲂 微卫星 亲权鉴定 增殖放流效果 钱塘江中下游 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q953[生物学—动物学]