基于激光阵列的运行车辆宽度投影轮廓在线测量方法  

On-Line Measurement Method of Vehicle Width Projection Contour Based on Laser Array

作　　者：段发阶[1] 吴冰颖 梁春疆 傅骁[1] 蒋佳佳[1] DUAN Fa-jie;WU Bing-ying;LIANG Chun-jiang;FU Xiao;JIANG Jia-jia(State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology&Instuments,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Shance(Tianjin)Technology Co.,Itd,Tianjin 300382,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]善测(天津)科技有限公司,天津300382

出　　处：《测控技术》2020年第8期70-75,共6页Measurement & Control Technology

基　　金：国家“863”计划项目(2013AA102402);国家自然科学基金项目(51275349)。

摘　　要：提出一种基于激光阵列投射与相机相结合的运行车辆宽度投影轮廓在线测量方法,利用龙门架顶端近红外激光器阵列向下垂直投射激光点,激光器阵列左右两侧各布置一台相机,实时拍摄地面上被测运行车辆遮挡后的光斑,通过对地面光斑投射情况的分析,采用图像分割、区域标记算法分割光斑区域,采用区域面积周长约束算法去除干扰区域,进一步采用质心配准算法提取边缘数据,分析计算得出车辆宽度,实现了运行车辆宽度投影轮廓的精确测量。现场测试实验结果表明,所提出的方法对运行车辆宽度投影轮廓的测量误差<1%,平均耗时低于10 s。与传统扫描式红外激光光幕的测量方法相比,所提出的方法具有安装结构简单、测量精度高、响应快、抗环境污染能力强、硬件成本低等优点,可直接应用于高速公路入口、汽车检测站等场景,为未来基于大数据的高速公路车辆管理、车型识别等提供有效技术手段。An on-line measurement method of vehicle width projection contour based on the combination of laser array projection and camera is proposed.The near-infrared laser array on the top of gantry was used to project the laser point vertically downwards,and two cameras were arranged on both sides of the laser array to take real-time spot photography of the light spot covered by the running vehicle on the ground.Through the analysis of the ground spot projection,the image segmentation and region marking algorithm were used to segment the spot area,and the area perimeter constraint algorithm was used to remove the interference area.Furthermore,the centroid registration algorithm was used to extract and analyze the edge data to calculate the vehicle width,which realized the accurate measurement of the vehicle width projection contour.Field test results show that the measurement error of the proposed method is less than 1%,and the average time consumption is less than 10 s.Compared with the traditional scanning infrared laser screen measurement method,the proposed method has the advantages of simple installation structure,high measurement accuracy,fast response,strong anti-environmental pollution ability,and low hardware cost.It can be directly applied to highway entrances,vehicle detection stations and other scenes,provides an effective technical means for highway vehicle management and vehicle type identification based on big data in the future.

关 键 词：车身尺寸检测 视觉测量 图像处理 点结构光 区域生长技术 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]