大小双翻斗组合式雨量计的研发与应用  

Development and Application of Combined Rainfall Gauge with Big and Small Tipping-Buckets

作　　者：舒大兴[1] 高明 张立明 SHU Daxing;GAO Ming;ZHANG Liming(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Huludao Hydrological Bureau,Huludao 125200,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]葫芦岛水文局,辽宁葫芦岛125200

出　　处：《水文》2020年第4期61-65,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0106500)。

摘　　要：受变化雨强影响,高分辨率翻斗式雨量计有较大的误差。为解决这个难题,研究人员提出了很多提高精度措施,然而,增加的组件会影响翻斗式雨量计的稳定性,致使故障率升高。在充分研究大、小翻斗式雨量计误差来源的基础上,研究开发出上小下大双层翻斗组合式雨量计,内置控制器实时监测大、小翻斗信号,再进行综合逻辑比较输出高精度校准雨量值。组合式雨量计灵敏度高、蒸发误差小、测量精度不受降雨强度影响,高分辨率与高精度有机融合。室内试验成果和野外比测结果表明,大小双翻斗组合式雨量计在监测0.01~4mm/min雨强降雨时,测量误差小于±2%。Due to the influence of changing rain intensity,the high resolution tipping-bucket rain gauge has greater errors.In order to solve this international problem,researchers have proposed many measures to improve the accuracy.However,the increase of components could affect the stability of the tipping-bucket rain gauge,resulting in higher failure rate.On the basis of fully studying the error sources of large and small tipping-bucket rain gauges,this paper developed a double-deck tipping-bucket combined rain gauge with a built-in controller for real-time monitoring of large and small dump signals,and then compared the output of high-precision calibration rainfall values by comprehensive logic.The combined rainfall gauge has high sensitivity,small evaporation error,and its measurement accuracy is not affected by rainfall intensity.It combines high resolution with high precision organically.The results of indoor test and field comparison show that the measurement error of the combined rainfall gauge with large and small tipping-bucket is less than±2%when it monitors the rainfall intensity in the range of 0.01-4 mm/min.

关 键 词：翻斗式雨量计 大小翻斗 降雨强度 控制器 测量精度 

分 类 号：P332.1[天文地球—水文科学]