新宁县脐橙园土壤养分特征及其培肥改良对策  

Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Navel Orange Orchards in Xinning County and Countermeasures of Improving Fertility

作　　者：唐志文 蒋雅琴 谭善凯 李桂华 TANG Zhi-wen;JIANG Ya-qin;TAN Shan-kai;LI Gui-hua(Xinning Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Xinning 422700,PRC)

机构地区：[1]新宁县农业农村局,湖南新宁422700

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2020年第7期41-46,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部与财政部科技专项(2018年新宁县脐橙有机肥替代试点项目)。

摘　　要：为了解新宁县脐橙园土壤养分特征,为脐橙产业的发展及提质增效提供依据,在对脐橙园栽培情况进行调查的基础上,采集土壤样品,分析测定了土壤pH值和有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、缓效钾等养分含量状况,并运用相关分析探究了土壤pH值与各养分之间的关系。结果表明:新宁县脐橙园土壤总体偏酸性,pH值平均为5.60,其中酸性至强酸性土壤占比达50.50%;土壤有机质含量较为丰富,平均为22.8 g/kg,但处于中等及以下含量水平的占44.03%;土壤碱解氮含量属偏低水平,中等含量水平以下的占64.68%;有效磷含量较高,平均为37.3 mg/kg,但仍有43.78%的土壤有效磷含量属于中等含量水平以下;土壤速效钾与缓效钾含量水平较低。通过相关分析发现,土壤缓效钾与土壤pH值呈极显著正相关,而土壤有效磷与土壤pH值呈极显著负相关。针对新宁县脐橙园土壤养分状况,提出了一些土壤培肥改良对策,并针对不同pH值等级的土壤制定了相应的施肥方案。In order to find out the soil nutrient characteristics of navel orange orchards in Xinning County,Hunan Province,and provide a basis for navel orange industry development and the increase of fruit quality and profits,an investigation of cultivation status of Xinning navel orange orchards was made.The collected soil samples were analyzed for soil pH,organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and slowly available potassium contents.The results showed that the soils,in total,were acidic with an average pH value of 5.60,and 50.5%of soil samples were acidic to strong acidic.Soil organic matter content was relatively rich,averagely reaching 22.8 g/kg,but 43.03%of soil samples were below the medium level.Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was relatively low,64.68%of soil samples were below the medium level.Available phosphorus content was relatively high,averagely reaching 37.3 mg/kg,but 43.78%of soil samples were below the medium level.Available potassium and slowly available potassium contents were relatively low.Correlation analysis found that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between soil slowly available potassium and soil pH value,while soil available phosphorus was extremely negatively correlated with soil pH value.According to the soil nutrient status of navel orange orchards in Xinning County,we put forward some countermeasures of soil fertility improvement,and make a reasonable fertilization plan for different soil conditions.

关 键 词：脐橙 果园 pH值 土壤养分 培肥改良 新宁 

分 类 号：S153.62[农业科学—土壤学]