3A21铝合金电子束焊工艺及接头组织与性能研究  

Research on Electron Beam Welding Process, Microstructure and Properties of 3A21 Aluminum Alloy Welded Joint

作　　者：张占伟 王生鹏 宋雨键 国旭明 ZHANG Zhanwei;WANG Shengpeng;SONG Yujian;GUO Xuming(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2020年第13期15-18,共4页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：航空科学基金资助项目(2016ZF54030);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20180551035)。

摘　　要：采用电子束焊接技术焊接3 mm厚的3A21铝合金。研究电子束流和聚焦电流对焊缝成形的影响,通过光学显微镜、显微硬度仪及拉伸试验分析接头组织和性能。结果表明:电子束流和聚焦电流对焊缝成形影响显著,焊缝上部和中部由细小的等轴晶组织构成,近熔合线和焊缝底部由树枝晶和柱状晶构成。随电子束流增加显微硬度值降低,当电子束流为25 mA时焊缝成形良好,接头抗拉强度为134 MPa,焊缝强度达到基体强度的82%。3A21 aluminum alloy with thickness of 3 mm was welded by electron beam welding process. The effects of electron beam current and focusing current on the weld formation were studied. The microstructure and properties of the joints were analyzed using OM, microhardness tester and tensile test. The results show that the electron beam current and focusing current have significant effects on weld formation. The upper and center regions of the weld are composed of fine equiaxed grains, while the microstructure at the bottom of weld and near fusion line is dendrite and columnar crystal microstructure. The microhardness decreases with the increase of electron beam current. A good weld formation is achieved when the electron beam current is 25 mA, and the tensile strength of the joint is 134 MPa, which is 82% of the strength of base metal.

关 键 词：3A21铝合金 电子束焊 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG439.3[金属学及工艺—焊接]