X射线及中子散射在溶液结构研究中的应用  

Solution Structure by X-Ray and Neutron Scattering:Experiments,Data Analysis and Applications

作　　者：周永全[1,2] 朱发岩 刘红艳[1,2] 房春晖 房艳[1,2] 王广国 庞登科[1,2,3] 景转芳 ZHOU Yong-quan;ZHU Fa-yan;LIU Hong-yan;FANG Chun-hui;FANG Yan;WANG Guang-guo;PANG Deng-ke;JING Zhuan-fang(Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008,China;Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province,Xining,810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖资化学重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2020年第3期1-17,共17页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(201973106);中国科学青年创新促进会(2017467);青海省自然基金应用基础项目(2019-ZJ-7001)。

摘　　要：X射线和中子散射是互补的液态结构研究的有效方法。通过数据解析可提取偏径向分布函数(PDF)、配位数分布(CN)、角分布(ADF)及空间密度分布(SDF)等,从而给出溶液在原子层次上的三维结构信息。介绍了利用X射线和中子散射研究溶液结构的实验及数据解析方法,回顾了近些年研究团队利用该方法在纯水结构、硼酸盐水溶液结构及溶液中“二氢键”等研究中的应用。简述了X射线及中子散射在溶液结构研究中存在的问题,并展望了上述方法在溶液结构研究中的发展方向。Neutron and X-ray scattering are two complementary methods for structure analysis.Partial radial distribution function(PDF),coordination number distribution(CN),angular distribution function(ADF)and spatial density function(SDF)can be derived through precise X-Ray/Neutron-scattering data analysis.In the present work,the experiment and data analysis process has been descripted;Our recent works about the structure of pure water,the structure of borate solution and dihydrogen bonds in aqueous solution are retrospect.Besides the effectiveness,drawbacks about those two methods are summarized also,Then,the development trends for studying solution structure with X-Ray/Neutron-scattering are respected.

关 键 词：溶液结构 中子散射 X射线散射 径向分布函数 EPSR 

分 类 号：O645.16[理学—物理化学]