A LN2-based cooling system for a next-generation liquid xenon dark matter detector  

作　　者：Karl Ludwig Giboni Pratibha Juyal Elena Aprile Yun Zhang Junji Naganoma 

机构地区：[1]INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China [2]Shanghai Laboratory for Particle and Cosmology,Shanghai 200240,China [3]Columbia Astrophysics Lab and Physics Department,Columbia University,New York,NY 10027,USA [4]Department of Physics and Astronomy,Rice University,Houston,TX 77005,USA

出　　处：《Nuclear Science and Techniques》2020年第8期24-34,共11页核技术（英文）

基　　金：the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2016YFA0400301);the grants for the XENON Dark Matter Project。

摘　　要：In recent years, cooling technology for liquid xenon(LXe) detectors has advanced driven by the development of dark matter(DM) detectors with target mass in the 100–1000 kg range. The next generation of DM detectors based on LXe will be in the 50,000 kg(50 t)range requiring more than 1 k W of cooling power. Most of the prior cooling methods become impractical at this level.For cooling a 50 t scale LXe detector, a method is proposed in which liquid nitrogen(LN2) in a small local reservoir cools the xenon gas via a cold finger. The cold finger incorporates a heating unit to provide temperature regulation. The proposed cooling method is simple, reliable, and suitable for the required long-term operation for a rare event search. The device can be easily integrated into present cooling systems, for example the ‘‘Cooling Bus’ ’employed for the Panda X I and II experiments. It is still possible to cool indirectly with no part of the cooling or temperature control system getting in direct contact with the clean xenon in the detector. Also, the cooling device can be mounted at a large distance, i.e., the detector is cooled remotely from a distance of 5–10 m. The method was tested in a laboratory setup at Columbia University to carry out different measurements with a small LXe detector and behaved exactly as predicted.

关 键 词：Noble liquid detectors(scintillation ionization double-phase) Dark matter detectors(WIMPs axions etc.) Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics Very low-energy charged particle detectors Time projection chambers Cryogenics Detector cooling and thermo-stabilization 

分 类 号：O572.212[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]