朝鲜白头翁开花与繁育特性研究  

Study on floral biology and breeding system of Pulsatilla koreana

作　　者：李海燕[1] 张午曲 李宏博[1] LI Hai-yan;ZHANG Wu-qu;LI Hong-bo(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2020年第4期942-944,共3页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家中医药管理局科研项目(201407002);辽宁省中药资源普查项目(2018011)。

摘　　要：通过田间定位观察,采用室内检测、套袋实验、人工授粉等方法,对朝鲜白头翁开花习性和繁育系统进行了研究。研究结果表明朝鲜白头翁4月上旬左右开花,花期25 d左右,单花花期约10 d;雄蕊先于雌蕊成熟,花后2~5 d花粉活力和柱头可授性均较强;杂交指数累计分值为4,花粉/胚珠比为412.5,结合授粉处理的结果认为朝鲜白头翁不存在无融合生殖,繁育类型为兼性异交,自交亲和,需要传粉媒介,天然异交率24.6%。推断朝鲜白头翁为常异花授粉植物,研究结果为今后朝鲜白头翁的栽培和品种选育提供理论基础。Interior test, bagging and artificial pollination experiment were used on the research,the results showed that the plant was in bloom from April, flowering span among population was 25 days, single-flowered flowering span was 10 days;stamens matured before pistil, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were higher on the 2~5 th;outcrossing index of P. koreana was 4, Pollen-ovule ratio was 412.5, based on the results of bagging and artificial pollination, the breeding system of P. koreana was mixed with self-pollination and out-crossing, pollinators were needed, the natural outcrossing rate was 24.6 %. P. koreana is often cross-pollinated plant. The research will provide the basis for cultivation and variety breeding of P.koreana.

关 键 词：朝鲜白头翁 开花动态 杂交指数 花粉胚珠比 繁育系统 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]