不同土壤含水量对果蔗生长生理和农艺性状影响  

The Effect of Soil Moisture Contents on Growth Physiology and Agronomic Traits of Chewing Cane

作　　者：何姗珊[1] 曾媛[2] 何毅波 谭芳[1] 李鸣[1] 梁朝旭[1] 李松[1] HE Shan-shan;ZENG Yuan;HE Yi-bo;TAN Fang;LI Ming;LIANG Zhao-xu;LI Song(Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi),Ministry of Agriculture/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Nanning 530007;Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/农业部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2020年第4期24-28,共5页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：广西科技攻关重点研发计划(桂科AB16380258)。

摘　　要：选用3种不同土壤含水量水平(90%、80%和70%),探索土壤含水量对果蔗生长和生理的影响。研究结果表明,土壤含水量不同对土壤养分有一定影响,全N、全P和速效K、有效P变化显著,其他养分变化不明显。土壤含水量对甘蔗根、茎和叶中N和K含量因含水量和部位不同而不同,全N含量:在果蔗根中,B处理最高,A处理最低,A处理与B、C处理之间有显著性差异。在果蔗叶中,C处理最高,B处理最低,A、B处理与C处理之间有显著性差异。在果蔗茎中A、B和C处理间无显著差异。全K含量:在果蔗茎中,C处理含量最高,B处理最低,A和B处理与C处理之间有显著性差异。在果蔗叶中,C处理含量最高,B处理最低,A和B处理与C处理之间有显著性差异。在果蔗根中,A、B和C处理间无显著差异。P在根茎叶中没有显著变化。不同土壤含水量对丙二醛(MDA)和叶绿素含量有显著影响,其中70%的土壤含水量MDA最高,说明果蔗在70%的土壤水分含量下受到一定的水分胁迫;除了果蔗锤度在土壤含水量80%最高,90%最低之外,果蔗主要农艺性状如株高、茎径、节间长度、单茎重和绿叶数随土壤含水量增加而增加。This study explored the effects of soil moisture content on growth physiology of chewing cane by selecting three different soil moisture contents(90%,80%and 70%).The results showed that different soil moisture contents affected soil nutrients,with significant changes in total N,total P,available K and available P,but no significant changes were found in other nutrients.Soil moisture contents had different effects on N and K content in sugarcane root,stem and leaves,while P had no significant changes in root,stem and leaves.Different soil moisture contents had significant influence on MDA and chlorophyll content,among which MDA in 70%soil moisture content was the highest,meaning that chewing cane was subjected to certain water stress in 70%soil moisture content.Major agronomic traits of chewing cane such as plant height,stem diameter,internode length,single stem weight and number of green leaves increased with the increase of soil moisture content.But chewing cane brix was the highest and the lowest in 80%and 90%soil moisture content,respectively.Therefore,different soil moisture contents significantly affect growth physiology and agronomic traits of chewing cane.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 果蔗 生长生理 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]