配施有机肥对青铜峡灌区水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响  

Effect of Combined Application of Organic Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Soil Fertility in Qingtongxia Irrigation District

作　　者：周丽娜[1] 陈泽 丁永锋 张珞 刘汝亮[3] 张学军[1] Zhou Lina;Chen Ze;Ding Yongfeng;Zhang Luo;Liu Ruliang;Zhang Xuejun(Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Qingtongxia Service Center for Introducing Agricultural Technology and Mechanization,Qingtongxia,Ningxia 751600;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院,宁夏银川750002 [2]青铜峡农业技术和农机化推广服务中心,宁夏青铜峡751600 [3]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2020年第5期17-18,33,共3页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“西北旱直播稻区化肥农药减施增效关键技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0200204-5);宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作专项“主要粮食作物种肥同播分层深施机械一体化技术研发与示范”(DW-X-2018008);宁夏回族自治区重点研发专项“宁夏典型农田肥药减施增效技术创新与示范”(2018NCFS0021)。

摘　　要：为避免水稻种植中氮肥的过量施用,通过田间小区试验研究了配施有机肥对水稻产量、产量构成因素和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:配施有机肥各处理水稻穗粒数和千粒重均有一定程度的增加,配施有机肥在氮肥用量降低不超过30%时,水稻不会减产;当减氮不超过20%时,土壤碱解氮和总氮含量下降不明显,但当氮肥减量30%,土壤碱解氮和总氮含量会大幅下降。因此,配施有机肥3000 kg/hm^2,氮肥减量20%是较为合理的配施模式。In order to reduce the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in rice planting,the effects of organic fertilizer application on rice yield,yield components and soil fertility were studied by field plot experiments.The results showed that when the application of organic manure decreased by less than 30%,the yield of rice did not decrease,and the grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight of rice treated with organic fertilizer increased to some extent.When the nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 30%,the soil alkaline nitrogen and total nitrogen content decreased greatly.Therefore,with the application of organic fertilizer 3000 kg/hm^2,nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 20% is a reasonable mode.

关 键 词：有机肥配施 水稻 产量 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]