宁夏生态移民新聚落空间格局及其影响因素分析  

Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of New Ecological Settlement in Ningxia

作　　者：沈培培 李建华[1,2] 余国良[3] 杨春白雪 Shen Peipei;Li Jianhua;Yu Guoliang;Yang Chunbaixue(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Institute of Environmental Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Ningxia Geological Bureau,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学环境工程研究院,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏地质局,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2020年第5期34-39,F0002,I0001,I0002,共9页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361031)。

摘　　要：以宁夏298个生态移民新村为研究对象,利用ArcGIS空间分析工具探析宁夏生态移民新聚落的空间格局特征及其影响因素。研究表明:宁夏生态移民新聚落呈现“大分散,小聚集”的特征;从县域尺度来看,各县区的分布不均衡,主要集中在红寺堡区、沙坡头区、同心县;在空间方向特征上大致呈“南—北”走向分布,符合宁夏“以川济山,山川共济”的人口迁移重大决策;从时间尺度来看,不同时段的新聚落点依赖于不同的移民工程,在分布格局上呈现明显的差异性。海拔、坡度、人口密度、人口承载力是影响生态移民新聚落分布的重要因素,相对较低的海拔和较小的坡度、人口密度较低和人口承载力较强的区域是政府生态移民工程实施中生态移民新聚落选址和发展主要立地。生态移民空间格局演变过程中的主要动力因素是生态胁迫与经济胁迫,在此基础上政府的政策规划推动这一演变的落实和发展,构建了宁夏生态移民新聚落空间格局演变的驱动机制。Taking 298 ecological settlement villages in Ningxia as the research objects,the spatial pattern characteristics and influencing factors of ecological settlement in Ningxia were analyzed by ArcGIS spatial analysis tool.The results show that the new ecological settlement in Ningxia is characterized by"large dispersion and small aggregation".From the county scale,the distribution of the counties is uneven,mainly concentrated in Hongsibu District,Shapotou District and Tongxin County.In terms of spatial characteristics,the distribution is rough"south to north",which is in line with Ningxia's major decision on population migration of"combining mountains with rivers".From the perspective of time scale,the new settlements in different periods depending on different migration projects,showing obvious differences in distribution patterns.Elevation,slope,population density and population carrying capacity are important factors influencing the distribution of new ecological settlement.Relatively low elevation,small slope,low population density and strong population carrying capacity are the main sites for the site selection and development of new ecological settlement in the implementation of the government's ecological resettlement project.The main driving factors in the evolution of the spatial pattern of ecological migration are ecological stress and economic stress.On this basis,the government's policy planning promotes the implementation and development of this evolution and constructs the driving mechanism of the spatial pattern evolution of the new settlement of ecological migration in Ningxia.

关 键 词：空间分析 ARCGIS 生态移民 影响因素 宁夏 

分 类 号：D632.4[政治法律—政治学]