寒冷气候区办公建筑冬季热舒适调查研究  

Research on thermal comfort of office buildings in cold climate zone in winter

作　　者：石嘉怡 郝柏年 张群[3] 郑鑫[1] 倪倩 SHI Jia-yi;HAO Bai-nian;ZHANG Qun;ZHENG Xin;NI Qian(College of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;College of Industrial and System Engineering,University of Wisconsin-Madison,Madison 53706,America;College of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校工程学院,威斯康星麦迪逊710054 [3]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2020年第4期629-636,共8页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51678466);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划一般专项(20JK0226)。

摘　　要：为研究寒冷气候区冬季办公建筑热环境状况,提高办公建筑室内热舒适性,选取西安地区典型办公建筑,采用实地测试法对室内外温度、室内外湿度、黑球温度、太阳辐射量进行逐时测量,并且采用现场问卷等方式进行了冬季热环境调查与热舒适主观调研。利用Python程序预测与实测数据分析相结合的方式建立回归模型,对包括热中性温度、热接受温度范围、热期望温度在内的热感觉主观反映进行统计回归分析。结果显示寒冷地区办公建筑室内热期望温度为20.8℃,实际热中性温度为21.4℃,90%可接受温度范围为18.8~23℃,相比同地区住宅人员,办公建筑受试者适应室外气候的能力更强。针对同一办公空间内不同区域的温度差异较大、外窗散热量较大、室内空气湿度过低的问题提出了有针对性的提供采暖措施,为人体精确部位提供热量条件,减小窗框传热系数,引入不同种类调节技术3点热环境改进措施,以期为中国寒冷地区办公建筑室内热环境舒适度提供参考与依据。In order to study the thermal environment of office buildings in cold climate areas in winter and to improve the indoor thermal comfort of office buildings,the indoor&outdoor temperture and humidity as well as solar radiation measured by using actual parameter test methods in typically selected office buildings in Xi’an.In addition,subjective opinions of winter thermal environment and thermal comfort were collected through on-site questionnaire surveys.The regression model was established by the combination of computer python program prediction and measured data analysis.The subjective reflection of thermal sensation,including thermal neutral temperature,thermal acceptance temperature range and thermal expected temperature,was statistically analyzed.The results show that the expected indoor heat temperature of office buildings in winter in this area is 20.8℃,the actual thermal neutral temperature is 21.4℃,and the acceptable temperature range of 90%is 18.8~23℃.In addition,for the problems of large temperature differences in different areas of the same office space,large heat dissipation of external windows,and low indoor air humidity,targeted heating measures are proposed to provide heat conditions and to reduce heat for precise parts of the human body.The three-point thermal environment improvement measures of window frame heat transfer coefficient and the introduction of different types of adjustment technologies are expected to provide a reference or a foundation for the indoor thermal environment comfort of office buildings in cold regions of China.

关 键 词：寒冷气候区 办公建筑 室内热环境 统计回归分析 热舒适 热感觉 

分 类 号：TU243.2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]