分体滑动导叶可调涡轮激波与载荷波动机制  

Mechanism of Shock and Load Fluctuation of Variable Nozzle Turbines with Split Sliding Guide Vanes

作　　者：杨登峰 潘俞舟 王贵召 老大中[3] HU Leon YANG Dengfeng;PAN Yuzhou;WANG Guizhao;LAO Dazhong;HU Leon(School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066004;State Power Investment Group Zhoukou Gas Thermal Power Co., Ltd., Zhoukou, Henan, 466200;School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081;Ford Motor Company, MI 48124, Dearborn, USA)

机构地区：[1]东北大学秦皇岛分校控制工程学院,秦皇岛066004 [2]国家电投集团周口燃气热电有限公司,周口466200 [3]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [4]Ford Motor Company, MI 48124, Dearborn, USA

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2020年第15期1778-1786,共9页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51576015);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(N182303033);东北大学秦皇岛分校科研启动基金资助项目(9060310952001)。

摘　　要：针对某柴油机用可调涡轮在低速工况下的低效强激波特征,提出并设计了一种分体滑动导叶,并在10%、40%和100%3个典型开度下进行了定常/非定常数值计算。结果表明:分体滑动导叶在小开度下可实现对间隙泄漏流动的有效抑制,大幅度提高涡轮效率;在10%开度下,分体滑动导叶提高了涡轮10%的峰值效率,同时涡轮效率在40%和全开工况下也有不同程度的提高。此外,通过合理设计转静间距,分体滑动导叶尾缘激波被大幅度削弱。导叶间隙泄漏流和尾缘激波的抑制可有效弱化转子定子干涉强度,降低下游转子叶片表面载荷波动幅值,提高转子叶片的可靠性。In view of the low efficiency and strong shock characteristics of the variable nozzle turbines in a diesel engine at low speed,a split sliding guide vane was proposed and designed,and the steady/unsteady numerical calculations were carried out under three typical nozzle openings of 10%,40%and 100%.Results show that the split sliding guide vanes may effectively restrain the clearance leakage flows and greatly improve turbine efficiency under the small nozzle openings.Under the conditions of 10%opening,the turbine peak efficiency is improved by 10%,besides,turbine efficiency is also improved to different degrees under other openings.At the same time,the trailing edge shocks of the split sliding guide vanes are greatly weakened by the reasonable design of rotor-stator spacing.The weakening of guide blade clearance leakage flows and trailing edge shocks reduces the rotor-stator interference,thus weakens the intensity of load fluctuation on downstream rotor blades and increases the reliability of rotor blades.

关 键 词：可调涡轮 分体滑动导叶 激波 间隙泄漏流 载荷波动 

分 类 号：TK413.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]