性控技术的发展及在家畜繁殖上的应用  

Development of Sex Control Technology and Its Application in Livestock Breeding

作　　者：李蓉[1] 华松[1] LI Rong;HUA Song(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《畜牧兽医杂志》2020年第5期39-42,共4页Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019NY-079)。

摘　　要：性别控制是指通过人为干预并按照人们的意愿使雌性动物繁殖出所需性别后代的一种繁殖技术。性别控制技术可加速家畜育种的进程,使家畜的泌乳性状、繁殖性状和生产性状发挥到极致。将性别控制技术应用在畜牧业生产正在产生巨大的经济价值和社会效益。目前,家畜性别控制分为受精前X、Y精子分离和受精后早期胚胎性别鉴定两类。实践证明,无论哪种方法,都有各自的优势和劣势,并且对精子或胚胎都有一定程度的损伤。本文针对目前家畜繁殖过程中应用的性控技术进行总结、分析,并且对将来的发展趋势进行展望。Sex control is a reproductive technique that allows females to produce the desired sex offspring in accordance with human wishes.It could accelerate the breeding process of livestock,so that the lactation traits,breeding traits and production traits of livestock can be maximized.The application of sex control technology in livestock production is generating significant economic and social benefits.Currently,domestic animal sex control is divided into two categories,including pre-fertilization X and Y sperm isolation and post-fertilization early embryo sex identification.Practice has proved that no matter which method used,it has its own advantages and disadvantages,and damages sperm or embryo in a certain degree.This paper summarizes and analyzed various of sex control technologies used in the breeding of livestock,and prospects for future development trends.

关 键 词：性别控制技术 家畜繁殖 精子分选 胚胎鉴定 

分 类 号：S813.2[农业科学—畜牧学]