基于多体动力学方法大型风力机台风致响应特性与偏航影响  

Typhoon-induced response characteristics and yaw effects of large wind turbine based on multi-body dynamics method

作　　者：包文奕 王浩[1] 柯世堂[1] BAO Wenyi;WANG Hao;KE Shitang(Department of Civil Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学土木工程系,南京210016

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第15期257-265,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878351,51761165022,U1733129);江苏省优秀青年基金项目(BK20160083);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(KYCX18_0244)。

摘　　要：为研究强台风下考虑偏航效应的大型风力机气动力及动态响应特征,以美国可再生能源实验室5 MW风力发电机组为研究对象,基于多体动力学及混合多体系统建模方法,建立了整机刚-柔混合多体动力学模型,并对该模型进行了动力特性分析与模型有效性验证。同时,基于谱分解法模拟了台风眼壁区域强干扰阶段的三维随机风场,并基于叶素-动量理论对7种偏航工况下风力机体系气动力进行数值模拟,分析了偏航对强台风下整机气动荷载的影响。最后,基于多体动力学模型对考虑不同偏航的大型风力机体系进行了动力时程分析,提炼了偏航对于结构风致响应的影响规律。结果表明,本文建立的多体动力学模型使用较少的自由度能有效描述了5 MW大型风力机的动力特性;当大型风力机处于30°和120°停机偏航角时,结构的台风致风荷载和风振响应显著增大,属于典型的不利工况,应在风电场实际控制时予以避免。主要研究结论可为强台风极端风况下大型风力机抗风设计提供科学依据。To study aerodynamic load distribution and dynamic response characteristics of a large wind turbine under strong typhoon considering yaw effects, a 5 MW wind power turbine of NREL was taken as the study object, based on the multi-body dynamics and mixed multibody system modeling method, its rigid-flexible mixed multibody dynamic model was established. The software ADAMS/Vibration was used to analyze the model’s dynamic characteristics, and verify the model’s effectiveness. At the same time, the 3-D stochastic wind field in strong interferential stage of typhoon eyewall area was simulated based on the spectral decomposition method, and aerodynamic loads of the wind turbine system were simulated numerically based on the yin-momentum theory under 7 yaw working conditions to analyze effects of yaw on aerodynamic loads of the whole wind turbine. Finally, the dynamic time history analysis for the wind turbine under different yaws was performed based on the established multi-body dynamic model, and the effect law of yaw on the turbine’s wind-induced response was extracted. Results showed that the established multibody dynamic model with less DOFs can effectively describe dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine;typhoon-induced wind load and wind-induced vibration response of the structure system increase significantly under yaw angles of 30° and 120° conditions, so these two conditions are typical unfavorable ones, and should be avoided in the actual control of wind power field;the main conclusions can provide a scientific basis for the wind-resistant design of large wind turbines under extreme wind conditions of strong typhoon.

关 键 词：大型风力机 多体动力学 偏航效应 动力特性 风致响应 

分 类 号：TU279.7+41[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]