大分子稠油破乳剂的研究与应用  

Study and application of macromolecular heavy oil demulsifier

作　　者：曾璐明 ZENG Lu-ming(CNOOC Ener-Tech Oilfield Chemical Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300451,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油(天津)油田化工有限公司,天津300451

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2020年第8期1519-1523,共5页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：中国海洋石油总公司科技项目(CNOOC-KJ135ZDXM35TJY001-2018)资助。

摘　　要：为解决渤海某原油处理厂外输含水超标问题,先以烯壬基酚、环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷为原料,以氢氧化钠为催化剂合成了烯壬基酚聚醚,再以苯基含氢硅油、烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯环氧基封端聚醚(AEPH)、烯壬基酚聚醚为原料,异丙醇为溶剂,氯铂酸为催化剂,合成了一组大分子稠油破乳剂。考察了AEPH与烯壬基酚聚醚不同投加比例对Si-H转化率和破乳剂相对分子质量的影响,开展了该组破乳剂对于渤海某原油处理厂原油的脱水性能评价。结果表明,AEPH与烯壬基酚聚醚摩尔比为1∶2时,合成的大分子12#破乳剂相对分子质量最大,达到39573,此时Si-H转化率为92.95%。在破乳剂性能评价瓶试中,12#破乳剂脱水速率最快,加注浓度60mg·L^-1,水浴温度75℃,沉降50 h,脱水率达到94.0%。大分子稠油破乳剂分子量大,分支结构多,在油水界面上占有面积大,易于顶替天然乳化剂,有助于增强破乳效果。在渤海某原油处理厂开展12#破乳剂现场中试,在沉降罐入口加注浓度60mg·L^-1,原油外输含水从1.8%左右降低至0.8%左右,达到外输标准。In order to solve the problem of poor dewatering in a Bohai crude oil treatment plant,olefinic nonyl phenol polyether was synthesized first using nonenylphenol,propylene oxide and ethylene oxide as raw materials,KOH as catalyst.Then a kind of macromolecular heavy oil demulsifiers were synthesized using phenyl hydrogen-containing silicone oil,allyl polyoxyethylene propylene epoxyterminated polyether(AEPH),olefinic nonylphenol polyether as raw materials,isopropanol as solvent,chloroplatinic acid as catalyst.The influence of mole ratio of AEPH and olefinic nonyl phenol polyether on Si-H conversion rate and molecular weight of demulsifiers was studied.Dehydration performance was evaluated by bottle test on emulsion from Bohai Crude Oil treatment plant.The results showed that when the mole ratio of AEPH and olefinic nonyl phenol polyether was 1∶2,and the relative molecular weight of the synthesized macromolecular demulsifier 12#reaches 39573,and the Si-H conversion rate was 92.95%.The dehydration rate of 12#demulsifier was the fastest,with a concentration of 60mg·L^-1,a water bath temperature of 75℃,a settlement of 50 hours,and a dehydration rate of 94.0%.Macromolecular heavy oil demulsifier had large molecular weight,multi branch structures,and occupied a large area on the oil-water interface.Field test of 12#demulsifier was conducted in Bohai crude oil treatment plant.The dosage of demulsifier 12#injected into the inlet of the settling tank was 60mg·L^-1,the water cut of transporting crude oil decreased from about 1.8%to about 0.8%,reaching the standard of transporting.

关 键 词：稠油 大分子 破乳剂 相对分子质量 

分 类 号：O633.1[理学—高分子化学]