敷设空腔覆盖层的水下弹性球壳散射特性研究  

Study on Acoustic Scattering Characteristics of Underwater Elastic Spherical Shelis Covered by Cavity

作　　者：吴杰 陶猛[1] 刘凯磊 张琛良 WU Jie;TAO Meng;LIU Kai-lei;ZHANG Chen-liang(School of mechanical engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;School of mechanical engineering,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou 312001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]江苏理工学院机械工程学院,常州213001

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第21期8622-8628,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51805228);江苏省高等学校自然科学基金(18KJB460010)。

摘　　要：为提高水下结构的隐身性,研究覆盖层物理参数对结构散射特性的影响。利用有限元软件COMSOL对水下弹性球进行仿真,获得目标强度的数值解,仿真数值解与理论解基本一致,最大误差为0.3 dB,验证了该方法可用于计算水下球形结构的声散射特性。通过对弹性球壳敷设覆盖层前后的目标强度进行仿真,表明敷设空腔覆盖层能有效降低球壳的目标强度。进一步讨论覆盖层材料参数和空腔结构变化对弹性球壳声散射特性的影响,结果表明:空腔比、覆盖层厚度和损耗因子越大,目标强度越小;与圆柱、圆台空腔相比,圆锥空腔的目标强度最低。在一定范围内,空腔覆盖层的物理参数越大,结构的目标强度越小,吸声性能越好,隐身性越强。In order to improve the stealth of underwater structures,the influence of the physical parameters of the cover layer on the scattering characteristics of the structure was studied.It is very important for detecting and identifying underwater targets to study the acoustic scattering characteristics of an underwater elastic spherical shell covered by a cavity.The finite element software COMSOL was used to simulate the underwater elastic ball to obtain the numerical solution of the target strength.The simulated numerical solution was basically consistent with the theoretical solution,with a maximum error of 0.3 dB,which verified that the method could be used to calculate the acoustic scattering characteristics of underwater spherical structures.By simulating the target strength of the elastic spherical shell before and after laying the cover layer,it is shown that the target strength can be effectively reduced by the covering layer.Further discussion was conducted on the influence of the material parameters of the cover layer and the cavity structure on the acoustic scattering characteristics of the elastic spherical shell.The results show that the larger the cavity ratio and the thickness of the covering layer and the loss factor are,the smaller the target intensity is,and the smaller the target intensity is.Meanwhile,the cone cavity has the lowest target strength.It is finally concluded that within a certain range,the larger the physical parameters of the cavity cover,the smaller the target strength of the structure,the better the sound absorption performance,and the stronger the stealth.

关 键 词：弹性球壳 目标强度 空腔覆盖层 散射特性 

分 类 号：TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统]