四川秦巴山区农村贫困居民医疗卫生服务可及性调查分析  

Surveying the Accessibility to Medical and Health Services for Rural Poor Residents in Qinba Mountainous Area of Sichuan Province

作　　者：秦晓明[1] 张光 何洋 姜青松[1] 卢晓红[1] 王海峰 刘琳[1] Qin Xiaoming(Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Mianyang,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川中医药高等专科学校,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2020年第8期603-606,共4页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目"四川秦巴山区因病致贫现状的调查与健康扶贫对策研究“子课题(2017ZR0261-1)

摘　　要：目的了解四川秦巴山区农村基层医疗卫生机构可及性现状,分析不同地区的医疗服务可及性差异,为改善基层医疗卫生服务条件和健康扶贫提供科学依据方法采用分层整群随机抽样,对215户秦巴山区农村居民采用自行设计的问卷进行“一对一”调查。结果四川秦巴山区乡镇卫生院卫生技术人员配置为每千人口1.44人、平均年总诊疗人次为24455人次,医养结合养老服务可及性差,成人免疫接种率低;形成了患者10~30分钟就医圈,88.40%调查对象患病后首先选择诊所/村卫生室、卫生院就诊;81.86%调查对象对住院或诊治总体满意,84.65%调查对象认为在看病方便程度上有大幅改善,74.42%调查对象认为与3年前比较,看病费用有了大幅度下降;对医疗服务不满意的原因主要是设备条件差、看病时等候时间过长以及提供不必要服务等:结论优化医疗卫生资源配置,加强乡镇卫生院、村卫生室标准化建设,建立乡镇区域医疗中心、区域公共卫生中心,多元化、多途径形成“医养结合”服务网络,切实解决山区农村居民基本医疗卫生服务问题。Objective To understand the accessibility of rural primary health care institutions in Qinba Mountainous Area of Sichuan Province, analyze its differences, and provide scientific evidence for improving primary health care services and health poverty alleviation. Methods 215 rural poor residents in Qinba Mountainous Area were chosen with stratified cluster random sampling, and surveyed with self-designed questionnaire. Results The amount of health technicians in township hospitals of Qinba Mountain Area was 1.44 per thousand people, with an average annual amount of medical services as 24,455. The accessibility of medical pension was poor. The adults’ immunization rates were lower. Patients’ medical service circle in 10-30 minutes has been formed, 88.40% of which firstly chose clinics, village clinics and health centers. 81.86% of them were generally satisfied with hospitalization or diagnosis and treatment. 84.65% of them believed that there had significant improvement in convenience of medical treatment. 74.42% of them thought that the cost of medical treatment has decreased significantly, compared with that 3 years ago. The main reasons for dissatisfaction with medical services were poor equipment conditions, excessive waiting time, and unnecessary services. Conclusion It is suggested to optimize the allocation of medical and health resources, strengthen the standardization of township hospitals and village clinics, establish township regional medical centers and public health centers, and form diversified and multi-channel service network of "combination of medical treatment and pension".

关 键 词：秦巴山区 农村贫困居民 医疗卫生可及性 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]