剑河县水田及旱地的土壤肥力特征与评价  被引量:7

Soil Fertility Characteristics and Evaluation of Paddy Field and Dry Land in Jianhe County

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作  者:黄先飞[1] 王莉霞[2] 龚宁[3] 曹磊芳 吴先亮 张珍明 HUANG Xian-fei;WANG Li-xia;GONG Ning;CAO Lei-fang;WU Xian-liang;ZHANG Zhen-ming(Guizhou Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Env ionment,Guizhou Normal University,Guizhou Guiyang 550001,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guizhou Normal University,Guizhou Guian 550025,China;College of Life Science,Guizhou Noral University,Guizhou Guian 550025,China;Guizhou Survey and Design Research Institute for Water Resources and Hydropower,Guizhou Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区:[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学机械与电气工程学院,贵州贵安550025 [3]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵安550025 [4]贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院,贵州贵阳550002

出  处:《西南农业学报》2020年第7期1510-1516,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基  金:贵州师范大学博士科研项目[GZNUD(2017)11];贵州省科技支撑计划项目[黔科合支撑(2017)1176,黔科合支撑(2018)2349];贵阳市联合基金项目[筑科合同(2017)30-41]。

摘  要:【目的】为贵州剑河县及类似地区生产上合理施肥提供科学依据。【方法】采用变异系数法、相关性系数法及加权平均法探讨土壤全氮、有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷、全磷和全钾养分等养分指标对其肥力的影响,并利用改进内梅罗综合评价法结合3种方法权重系数均值评价水田及旱地土壤肥力。【结果】水田土壤的速效钾及旱地土壤的全磷水平较低,其余养分指标均为中上、高及很高水平;不同种植物旱地土壤6个样点碱解氮含量均很高,样点间全磷及速效钾含量波动较大,有机质含量波动较小;比较3种加权方法权重系数的平均值,水田及旱地肥力因子权重系数均是有效磷最大,分别为0.2710和0.2358,有效磷是影响水田及旱地土壤肥力的主要因素,土壤肥力指数分别为1.52和1.63,其土壤综合肥力均为肥沃水平。【结论】剑河县水田及旱地土壤肥力均为肥沃水平,有效磷是影响水田及旱地土壤肥力的主要因素;水田及旱地土壤的氮含量均较高,可满足农作物生产需求,生产上应减少氮肥的施用量;水田土壤的钾含量较低,应采取相应施肥措施提高水田土壤的钾素供应水平。【Objective】The objective of the paper is to provide the scientific basis for rational fertilization in Jianhe County of Guizhou Province and similar areas.【Method】The effects of soil nutrient indexes(total N,organic matter,available N,available K,available P,total P and total K)on soil fertility are explored by using variation coefficient method,correlation coefficient method and weighted mean method,and then the soil fertility in paddy field and dry land is evaluated by using improved Nemerow comprehensive evaluation method combined with the weight coefficient mean value of the three methods.【Result】The soil available K in paddy field and total P in dry land were at a lower level,while other nutrient indexes were at a medium-high,high and higher level.The soil available N content in six dry land sampling sites with different plants was high.Soil total P and available K fluctuate greatly among sampling sites,while organic matter content fluctuates less.The soil available P in fertility factor weighted coefficient of paddy field and dry land was the highest,respectively 0.2710 and 0.2358 comparing the mean value of the three weighted method weighted coefficient.The available P is the main factor influencing soil fertility in paddy field and dry land and soil fertility indexes is 1.52 and 1.63 separately.The soil comprehensive fertility was at a fertile level.【Conclusion】The soil fertility of paddy field and dry land in Jianhe County is at a fertile level,and available P is the main factor influencing soil fertility in paddy field and dry land.The soil N content in paddy field and dry land is high,which can meet the demand of crop production.Therefore,N fertilization should be reduced in production.The soil K content in paddy field is low,and the corresponding fertilization measures should be taken to improve K supply level in paddy field.

关 键 词:水田、旱地 土壤肥力 营养元素 相关系数 剑河 贵州 

分 类 号:S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]

 

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