雷达目标多维特性分析与应用  

Analysis and exploration of the multi-dimensional radar target signature

作　　者：周剑雄[1,2] 鲍庆龙[1,2] 吴文振 胡卫东[1,2] ZHOU Jianxiong;BAO Qinglong;WU Wenzhen;HU Weidong(College of Electronic Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Automatic Target Recognition,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学电子科学学院,长沙410073 [2]国防科技大学自动目标识别重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2020年第4期551-562,共12页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

摘　　要：实际目标的雷达特性是多维空间中的函数,但雷达观测只能获得多维特性在低维空间中的切片或投影,深入分析有限的雷达观测数据蕴含的目标特性信息,对提升目标检测识别性能有重要意义.从三维散射率分布函数出发,推导了不同维度雷达图像与散射率分布函数积分投影的傅里叶变换对关系,并通过分析该关系所隐含的近似条件,指出实际目标散射特性的复杂性,得出了多维空间中形式化的散射模型.基于散射中心和雷达图像从不同的角度对多维散射模型的低维映射进行分析,给出了若干目标特性分析实例,包括棱形结构的相位逆转现象、多次散射的极化相位关系、空间目标腔体结构的色散现象、柔性结构的图像散焦效应等.形式化多维散射模型和低维映射研究方法为分析复杂目标的雷达散射特性提供了参考.The radar signature of complex target is a multi-dimensional function with many variables.The measurement from a special radar only obtains a slice or a projection of the multi-dimensional function in a lower dimensional space.Fully exploring the target signature from the limited radar measurement is helpful in target detection and recognition.Based on the three dimensional scattering distribution function(SDF),the Fourier transform relation between the radar image and the integral projection of the SDF is deduced;the implicit simplification in the SDF is analyzed based on the complex scattering phenomenon of real targets;and the formalized multi-dimensional scattering function is derived.The low dimensional representation of this multi-dimensional scattering function is analyzed from the aspects of scattering center model and radar image,and several examples are presented,such as the phase reversal of edge scatterers,the polarization scattering matrix of multiple scattering,the scattering dispersion of cavities in spatial targets,and the image defocus of flexible structures,and so on.The multi-dimensional scattering model and its lower dimensional representation can be implemented in analyzing the scattering signature of complex radar targets.

关 键 词：雷达目标 散射特性 散射中心模型 雷达图像 空间目标特性 多次散射 

分 类 号：TN957.52[电子电信—信号与信息处理]