他乡与故乡:美国华人基督徒与公理会在华南的传教活动  

Other-land and Motherland:Missionary Activities of the Chinese American Christians and Congregational Church in South China

作　　者：赵殿红 袁琴 Zhao Dianhong;Yuan Qin

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学社会和文化研究所 [2]澳门科技大学唐廷枢研究中心

出　　处：《学术研究》2020年第8期124-133,178,共11页Academic Research

摘　　要：19世纪末,越来越多的广东人前往美国加州务工。美国各大教会竭力向华工传教,并期望通过他们将基督教影响带回广东家乡,其中尤以公理会的工作最为显著。美国广东籍基督徒请求美国公理会派遣传教士前往他们的家乡开展传教事业,进而形成以广州、香港为中心,以四邑、香山、阳江、顺德、客家等地区为支撑的传教格局。在此过程中,美国华人基督徒通过筹款资助建设教堂、人力物力支持学校教育、亲身传道于父老乡亲、主动发起和管理自立教会、组织建立各种传教协会等途径,支持家乡的传教工作,从而形成了传教士、美国华人基督徒与广东家乡之间多向互动的传教网络。美国华人基督徒在接受基督教教义的同时,将中国传统文化和习俗带入美国社会,同时将基督教文化和近代西方思想理念传回祖国和家乡,是近代中西文化交流史上典型的"双向传播者"。The end of the 19th century witnessed a growing number of Cantonese migration workers to California.Based on the demographic structure,Congregational Churches put ever-lasting efforts to preach among those Chinese laborers,in hope of bringing Christian influence back to their hometown.Cantonese Christians in the United States requested the American churches to send missionaries to their hometown for missionary work,forming a missionary pattern centered on Canton and Hong Kong,and supported by four Districts,Heung Shan,Yeung Kong,Shun Tak and Hakka areas.In this process,Chinese American Christians supported the missionary work by raising funds to construct churches,providing availability for opening schools,preaching in person to their fellow countrymen,initiating and managing self-supporting churches,as well as organizing various missionary societies,etc.,therefore,a multi-interactive missionary network was formed among the missionaries,Chinese American Christians and their hometown.While accepting the Christian doctrine,Chinese American Christians brought the Chinese traditional cultures and customs into the American society,and also transmitted the Christian culture and the modern western ideas back to their motherland,so they were“two-way communicators”in the history of cultural exchange between China and the west in modern times.

关 键 词：美国基督教 公理会 华人 华南 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]